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PMP Awareness — Awareness, Research, Information, Personal Experiences, Support Group regarding PMP (pseudomyxoma peritonei), appendiceal cancer and other peritoneal surface malignanciesFree volunteer site
Appendix Cancer (Appendiceal Carcinoma) and Peritoneal Surface Malignancy — Story of a 5 year survivor of Signet Ring Appendiceal Cancer plus information about appendiceal cancers, treatments options and treating specialists
VonPurdy-CancerPage [1]; updated webpage and blog on appendix cancer treatments and research, including heated chemotherapy, and including list of doctors and hospitals offering heated chemotherapy, dedicated to memory of 3-year appendix cancer survivor Von Purdy, mucinous adenocarcinoma
Von Purdy Cancer Site [2] ; webpage on appendix cancer maintained by Von Purdy's mother, Mary Gribble, California, USA, from a surviving parent's perspective
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·  ^ Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding and calcific aortic stenosis (Heyde's syndrome)

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·  ^ Multiple independent studies have documented a steady increase in the worldwide incidence of cholangiocarcinoma. Some relevant journal articles include:

Patel T (2002). "Worldwide trends in mortality from biliary tract malignancies". BMC Cancer 2: 10. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-2-10. PMID 11991810. 
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West J, Wood H, Logan R, Quinn M, Aithal G (2006). "Trends in the incidence of primary liver and biliary tract cancers in England and Wales 1971–2001". Br J Cancer 94 (11): 1751–8. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603127. PMID 16736026. 
Khan S, Taylor-Robinson S, Toledano M, Beck A, Elliott P, Thomas H (2002). "Changing international trends in mortality rates for liver, biliary and pancreatic tumours". J Hepatol 37 (6): 806–13. doi:10.1016/S0168-8278(02)00297-0. PMID 12445422. 
Welzel T, McGlynn K, Hsing A, O'Brien T, Pfeiffer R (2006). "Impact of classification of hilar cholangiocarcinomas (Klatskin tumors) on the incidence of intra- and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States". J Natl Cancer Inst 98 (12): 873–5. PMID 16788161. 
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·  ^ Epidemiologic studies which have addressed the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma in people with primary sclerosing cholangitis include the following:

Bergquist A, Ekbom A, Olsson R, Kornfeldt D, Lööf L, Danielsson A, Hultcrantz R, Lindgren S, Prytz H, Sandberg-Gertzén H, Almer S, Granath F, Broomé U (2002). "Hepatic and extrahepatic malignancies in primary sclerosing cholangitis". J Hepatol 36 (3): 321–7. doi:10.1016/S0168-8278(01)00288-4. PMID 11867174. 
Bergquist A, Glaumann H, Persson B, Broomé U (1998). "Risk factors and clinical presentation of hepatobiliary carcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: a case-control study". Hepatology 27 (2): 311–6. doi:10.1002/hep.510270201. PMID 9462625. 
Burak K, Angulo P, Pasha T, Egan K, Petz J, Lindor K (2004). "Incidence and risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis". Am J Gastroenterol 99 (3): 523–6. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.04067.x. PMID 15056096. 
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·  ^ Lee C, Wu C, Chen G (2002). "What is the impact of coexistence of hepatolithiasis on cholangiocarcinoma?". J Gastroenterol Hepatol 17 (9): 1015–20. doi:10.1046/j.1440-1746.2002.02779.x. PMID 12167124. 

·  ^ Su C, Shyr Y, Lui W, P'Eng F (1997). "Hepatolithiasis associated with cholangiocarcinoma". Br J Surg 84 (7): 969–73. doi:10.1002/bjs.1800840717. PMID 9240138. 

·  ^ Donato F, Gelatti U, Tagger A, Favret M, Ribero M, Callea F, Martelli C, Savio A, Trevisi P, Nardi G (2001). "Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and hepatitis C and B virus infection, alcohol intake, and hepatolithiasis: a case-control study in Italy". Cancer Causes Control 12 (10): 959–64. doi:10.1023/A:1013747228572. PMID 11808716. 

·  ^ Sahani D, Prasad S, Tannabe K, Hahn P, Mueller P, Saini S (2003). "Thorotrast-induced cholangiocarcinoma: case report". Abdom Imaging 28 (1): 72–4. doi:10.1007/s00261-001-0148-y. PMID 12483389. 

·  ^ Zhu A, Lauwers G, Tanabe K (2004). "Cholangiocarcinoma in association with Thorotrast exposure". J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 11 (6): 430–3. doi:10.1007/s00534-004-0924-5. PMID 15619021. 

·  ^ KLATSKIN G (1965). "Adenocarcinoma Of The Hepatic Duct At Its Bifurcation Within The Porta Hepatis. An Unusual Tumor With Distinctive Clinical And Pathological Features". Am J Med 38: 241–56. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(65)90178-6. PMID 14256720. 

·  ^ Roskams T (2006). "Liver stem cells and their implication in hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma". Oncogene 25 (27): 3818–22. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1209558. PMID 16799623. 

·  ^ Liu C, Wang J, Ou Q (2004). "Possible stem cell origin of human cholangiocarcinoma". World J Gastroenterol 10 (22): 3374–6. PMID 15484322. 

·  ^ Sell S, Dunsford H (1989). "Evidence for the stem cell origin of hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma". Am J Pathol 134 (6): 1347–63. PMID 2474256. 

·  ^ a b Sirica A (2005). "Cholangiocarcinoma: molecular targeting strategies for chemoprevention and therapy". Hepatology 41 (1): 5–15. doi:10.1002/hep.20537. PMID 15690474. 

·  ^ Holzinger F, Z'graggen K, Büchler M. "Mechanisms of biliary carcinogenesis: a pathogenetic multi-stage cascade towards cholangiocarcinoma". Ann Oncol 10 Suppl 4: 122–6. PMID 10436802. 

·  ^ Gores G (2003). "Cholangiocarcinoma: current concepts and insights". Hepatology 37 (5): 961–9. doi:10.1053/jhep.2003.50200. PMID 12717374. 

·  ^ de Groen P, Gores G, LaRusso N, Gunderson L, Nagorney D (1999). "Biliary tract cancers". N Engl J Med 341 (18): 1368–78. doi:10.1056/NEJM199910283411807. PMID 10536130. 

·  ^ Studies of the performance of serum markers for cholangiocarcinoma (such as carcinoembryonic antigen and CA19-9) in patients with and without primary sclerosing cholangitis include the following:

Nehls O, Gregor M, Klump B (2004). "Serum and bile markers for cholangiocarcinoma". Semin Liver Dis 24 (2): 139–54. doi:10.1055/s-2004-828891. PMID 15192787. 
Siqueira E, Schoen R, Silverman W, Martin J, Rabinovitz M, Weissfeld J, Abu-Elmaagd K, Madariaga J, Slivka A, Martini J (2002). "Detecting cholangiocarcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis". Gastrointest Endosc 56 (1): 40–7. doi:10.1067/mge.2002.125105. PMID 12085033. 
Levy C, Lymp J, Angulo P, Gores G, Larusso N, Lindor K (2005). "The value of serum CA 19-9 in predicting cholangiocarcinomas in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis". Dig Dis Sci 50 (9): 1734–40. doi:10.1007/s10620-005-2927-8. PMID 16133981. 
Patel A, Harnois D, Klee G, LaRusso N, Gores G (2000). "The utility of CA 19-9 in the diagnoses of cholangiocarcinoma in patients without primary sclerosing cholangitis". Am J Gastroenterol 95 (1): 204–7. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.01685.x. PMID 10638584. 
·  ^ Saini S (1997). "Imaging of the hepatobiliary tract". N Engl J Med 336 (26): 1889–94. doi:10.1056/NEJM199706263362607. PMID 9197218. 

·  ^ Sharma M, Ahuja V. "Aetiological spectrum of obstructive jaundice and diagnostic ability of ultrasonography: a clinician's perspective". Trop Gastroenterol 20 (4): 167–9. PMID 10769604. 

·  ^ Bloom C, Langer B, Wilson S. "Role of US in the detection, characterization, and staging of cholangiocarcinoma". Radiographics 19 (5): 1199–218. PMID 10489176. 

·  ^ Valls C, Gumà A, Puig I, Sanchez A, Andía E, Serrano T, Figueras J (2000). "Intrahepatic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma: CT evaluation". Abdom Imaging 25 (5): 490–6. doi:10.1007/s002610000079. PMID 10931983. 

·  ^ Tillich M, Mischinger H, Preisegger K, Rabl H, Szolar D (1998). "Multiphasic helical CT in diagnosis and staging of hilar cholangiocarcinoma". AJR Am J Roentgenol 171 (3): 651–8. PMID 9725291. 

·  ^ Zhang Y, Uchida M, Abe T, Nishimura H, Hayabuchi N, Nakashima Y (1999). "Intrahepatic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma: comparison of dynamic CT and dynamic MRI". J Comput Assist Tomogr 23 (5): 670–7. doi:10.1097/00004728-199909000-00004. PMID 10524843. 

·  ^ Sugiyama M, Hagi H, Atomi Y, Saito M (1997). "Diagnosis of portal venous invasion by pancreatobiliary carcinoma: value of endoscopic ultrasonography". Abdom Imaging 22 (4): 434–8. doi:10.1007/s002619900227. PMID 9157867. 

·  ^ Schwartz L, Coakley F, Sun Y, Blumgart L, Fong Y, Panicek D (1998). "Neoplastic pancreaticobiliary duct obstruction: evaluation with breath-hold MR cholangiopancreatography". AJR Am J Roentgenol 170 (6): 1491–5. PMID 9609160. 

·  ^ Zidi S, Prat F, Le Guen O, Rondeau Y, Pelletier G (2000). "Performance characteristics of magnetic resonance cholangiography in the staging of malignant hilar strictures". Gut 46 (1): 103–6. doi:10.1136/gut.46.1.103. PMID 10601064. 

·  ^ Lee M, Park K, Shin Y, Yoon H, Sung K, Kim M, Lee S, Kang E (2003). "Preoperative evaluation of hilar cholangiocarcinoma with contrast-enhanced three-dimensional fast imaging with steady-state precession magnetic resonance angiography: comparison with intraarterial digital subtraction angiography". World J Surg 27 (3): 278–83. doi:10.1007/s00268-002-6701-1. PMID 12607051. 

·  ^ Yeh T, Jan Y, Tseng J, Chiu C, Chen T, Hwang T, Chen M (2000). "Malignant perihilar biliary obstruction: magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatographic findings". Am J Gastroenterol 95 (2): 432–40. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.01763.x. PMID 10685746. 

·  ^ Freeman M, Sielaff T (2003). "A modern approach to malignant hilar biliary obstruction". Rev Gastroenterol Disord 3 (4): 187–201. PMID 14668691. 

·  ^ Szklaruk J, Tamm E, Charnsangavej C (2002). "Preoperative imaging of biliary tract cancers". Surg Oncol Clin N Am 11 (4): 865–76. doi:10.1016/S1055-3207(02)00032-7. PMID 12607576. 

·  ^ Weber S, DeMatteo R, Fong Y, Blumgart L, Jarnagin W (2002). "Staging laparoscopy in patients with extrahepatic biliary carcinoma. Analysis of 100 patients". Ann Surg 235 (3): 392–9. doi:10.1097/00000658-200203000-00011. PMID 11882761. 

·  ^ Callery M, Strasberg S, Doherty G, Soper N, Norton J (1997). "Staging laparoscopy with laparoscopic ultrasonography: optimizing resectability in hepatobiliary and pancreatic malignancy". J Am Coll Surg 185 (1): 33–9. PMID 9208958. 

·  ^ Länger F, von Wasielewski R, Kreipe HH (2006). "[The importance of immunohistochemistry for the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinomas]" (in German). Pathologe 27 (4): 244–50. doi:10.1007/s00292-006-0836-z. PMID 16758167. 

·  ^ Darwin PE, Kennedy A. Cholangiocarcinoma. eMedicine.com. URL: http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic343.htm. Accessed on: May 5, 2007.

·  ^ Zervos E, Osborne D, Goldin S, Villadolid D, Thometz D, Durkin A, Carey L, Rosemurgy A (2005). "Stage does not predict survival after resection of hilar cholangiocarcinomas promoting an aggressive operative approach". Am J Surg 190 (5): 810–5. doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2005.07.025. PMID 16226963. 

·  ^ Tsao J, Nimura Y, Kamiya J, Hayakawa N, Kondo S, Nagino M, Miyachi M, Kanai M, Uesaka K, Oda K, Rossi R, Braasch J, Dugan J (2000). "Management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: comparison of an American and a Japanese experience". Ann Surg 232 (2): 166–74. doi:10.1097/00000658-200008000-00003. PMID 10903592. 

·  ^ Rajagopalan V, Daines W, Grossbard M, Kozuch P (2004). "Gallbladder and biliary tract carcinoma: A comprehensive update, Part 1". Oncology (WillistonPark) 18 (7): 889–96. PMID 15255172. 

·  ^ Yamamoto M, Takasaki K, Yoshikawa T (1999). ""Lymph Node Metastasis in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma". Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 29 (3): 147–150. doi:10.1093/jjco/29.3.147. PMID 10225697. 

·  ^ Farley D, Weaver A, Nagorney D (1995). ""Natural history" of unresected cholangiocarcinoma: patient outcome after noncurative intervention". Mayo Clin Proc 70 (5): 425–9. doi:10.4065/70.5.425. PMID 7537346. 

·  ^ Grove MK, Hermann RE, Vogt DP, Broughan TA (1991). ""Role of radiation after operative palliation in cancer of the proximal bile ducts"". Am J Surg 161: 454–458. doi:10.1016/0002-9610(91)91111-U. 

·  ^ Studies of surgical outcomes in distal cholangiocarcinoma include:

Nakeeb A, Pitt H, Sohn T, Coleman J, Abrams R, Piantadosi S, Hruban R, Lillemoe K, Yeo C, Cameron J (1996). "Cholangiocarcinoma. A spectrum of intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal tumors". Ann Surg 224 (4): 463–73; discussion 473–5. doi:10.1097/00000658-199610000-00005. PMID 8857851. 
Nagorney D, Donohue J, Farnell M, Schleck C, Ilstrup D (1993). "Outcomes after curative resections of cholangiocarcinoma". Arch Surg 128 (8): 871–7; discussion 877–9. PMID 8393652. 
Jang J, Kim S, Park D, Ahn Y, Yoon Y, Choi M, Suh K, Lee K, Park Y (2005). "Actual long-term outcome of extrahepatic bile duct cancer after surgical resection". Ann Surg 241 (1): 77–84. PMID 15621994. 
Bortolasi L, Burgart L, Tsiotos G, Luque-De León E, Sarr M (2000). "Adenocarcinoma of the distal bile duct. A clinicopathologic outcome analysis after curative resection". Dig Surg 17 (1): 36–41. doi:10.1159/000018798. PMID 10720830. 
Fong Y, Blumgart L, Lin E, Fortner J, Brennan M (1996). "Outcome of treatment for distal bile duct cancer". Br J Surg 83 (12): 1712–5. doi:10.1002/bjs.1800831217. PMID 9038548. 
·  ^ Studies of outcome in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma include:

Nakeeb A, Pitt H, Sohn T, Coleman J, Abrams R, Piantadosi S, Hruban R, Lillemoe K, Yeo C, Cameron J (1996). "Cholangiocarcinoma. A spectrum of intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal tumors". Ann Surg 224 (4): 463–73; discussion 473–5. doi:10.1097/00000658-199610000-00005. PMID 8857851. 
Lieser M, Barry M, Rowland C, Ilstrup D, Nagorney D (1998). "Surgical management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a 31-year experience". J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 5 (1): 41–7. doi:10.1007/PL00009949. PMID 9683753. 
Valverde A, Bonhomme N, Farges O, Sauvanet A, Flejou J, Belghiti J (1999). "Resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a Western experience". J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 6 (2): 122–7. doi:10.1007/s005340050094. PMID 10398898. 
Nakagohri T, Asano T, Kinoshita H, Kenmochi T, Urashima T, Miura F, Ochiai T (2003). "Aggressive surgical resection for hilar-invasive and peripheral intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma". World J Surg 27 (3): 289–93. doi:10.1007/s00268-002-6696-7. PMID 12607053. 
Weber S, Jarnagin W, Klimstra D, DeMatteo R, Fong Y, Blumgart L (2001). "Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: resectability, recurrence pattern, and outcomes". J Am Coll Surg 193 (4): 384–91. doi:10.1016/S1072-7515(01)01016-X. PMID 11584966. 
·  ^ Estimates of survival after surgery for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma include:

Burke E, Jarnagin W, Hochwald S, Pisters P, Fong Y, Blumgart L (1998). "Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma: patterns of spread, the importance of hepatic resection for curative operation, and a presurgical clinical staging system". Ann Surg 228 (3): 385–94. doi:10.1097/00000658-199809000-00011. PMID 9742921. 
Tsao J, Nimura Y, Kamiya J, Hayakawa N, Kondo S, Nagino M, Miyachi M, Kanai M, Uesaka K, Oda K, Rossi R, Braasch J, Dugan J (2000). "Management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: comparison of an American and a Japanese experience". Ann Surg 232 (2): 166–74. doi:10.1097/00000658-200008000-00003. PMID 10903592. 
Chamberlain R, Blumgart L (2000). "Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a review and commentary". Ann Surg Oncol 7 (1): 55–66. doi:10.1007/s10434-000-0055-4. PMID 10674450. 
Washburn W, Lewis W, Jenkins R (1995). "Aggressive surgical resection for cholangiocarcinoma". Arch Surg 130 (3): 270–6. PMID 7534059. 
Nagino M, Nimura Y, Kamiya J, Kanai M, Uesaka K, Hayakawa N, Yamamoto H, Kondo S, Nishio H. "Segmental liver resections for hilar cholangiocarcinoma". Hepatogastroenterology 45 (19): 7–13. PMID 9496478. 
Rea D, Munoz-Juarez M, Farnell M, Donohue J, Que F, Crownhart B, Larson D, Nagorney D (2004). "Major hepatic resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: analysis of 46 patients". Arch Surg 139 (5): 514–23; discussion 523–5. doi:10.1001/archsurg.139.5.514. PMID 15136352. 
Launois B, Reding R, Lebeau G, Buard J (2000). "Surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: French experience in a collective survey of 552 extrahepatic bile duct cancers". J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 7 (2): 128–34. doi:10.1007/s005340050166. PMID 10982604. 
·  ^ Kaya M, de Groen P, Angulo P, Nagorney D, Gunderson L, Gores G, Haddock M, Lindor K (2001). "Treatment of cholangiocarcinoma complicating primary sclerosing cholangitis: the Mayo Clinic experience". Am J Gastroenterol 96 (4): 1164–9. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.03696.x. PMID 11316165. 

·  ^ Nakeeb A, Tran K, Black M, Erickson B, Ritch P, Quebbeman E, Wilson S, Demeure M, Rilling W, Dua K, Pitt H (2002). "Improved survival in resected biliary malignancies". Surgery 132 (4): 555–63; discission 563–4. doi:10.1067/msy.2002.127555. PMID 12407338. 

·  ^ Su C, Tsay S, Wu C, Shyr Y, King K, Lee C, Lui W, Liu T, P'eng F (1996). "Factors influencing postoperative morbidity, mortality, and survival after resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma". Ann Surg 223 (4): 384–94. doi:10.1097/00000658-199604000-00007. PMID 8633917. 

·  ^ Heimbach JK, Gores GJ, Haddock MG, et al, Predictors of disease recurrence following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and liver transplantation for unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma, Transplantation. 2006 Dec 27;82(12):1703-7.

·  ^ Todoroki T, Ohara K, Kawamoto T, Koike N, Yoshida S, Kashiwagi H, Otsuka M, Fukao K (2000). "Benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy after radical resection of locally advanced main hepatic duct carcinoma". Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 46 (3): 581–7. PMID 10701737. 

·  ^ Alden M, Mohiuddin M (1994). "The impact of radiation dose in combined external beam and intraluminal Ir-192 brachytherapy for bile duct cancer". Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 28 (4): 945–51. PMID 8138448. 

·  ^ González González D, Gouma D, Rauws E, van Gulik T, Bosma A, Koedooder C. "Role of radiotherapy, in particular intraluminal brachytherapy, in the treatment of proximal bile duct carcinoma". Ann Oncol 10 Suppl 4: 215–20. PMID 10436826. 

·  ^ Pitt H, Nakeeb A, Abrams R, Coleman J, Piantadosi S, Yeo C, Lillemore K, Cameron J (1995). "Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. Postoperative radiotherapy does not improve survival". Ann Surg 221 (6): 788–97; discussion 797–8. doi:10.1097/00000658-199506000-00017. PMID 7794082. 

·  ^ Takada T, Amano H, Yasuda H, Nimura Y, Matsushiro T, Kato H, Nagakawa T, Nakayama T (2002). "Is postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy useful for gallbladder carcinoma? A phase III multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial in patients with resected pancreaticobiliary carcinoma". Cancer 95 (8): 1685–95. doi:10.1002/cncr.10831. PMID 12365016. 

·  ^ a b National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines on evaluation and treatment of hepatobiliary malignanciesPDF (216 KB). Accessed March 13, 2007.

·  ^ Vauthey J, Blumgart L (1994). "Recent advances in the management of cholangiocarcinomas". Semin. Liver Dis. 14 (2): 109–14. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1007302. PMID 8047893. 

·  ^ Glimelius B, Hoffman K, Sjödén P, Jacobsson G, Sellström H, Enander L, Linné T, Svensson C (1996). "Chemotherapy improves survival and quality of life in advanced pancreatic and biliary cancer". Ann Oncol 7 (6): 593–600. PMID 8879373. 

·  ^ Choi C, Choi I, Seo J, Kim B, Kim J, Kim C, Um S, Kim J, Kim Y (2000). "Effects of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in the treatment of pancreatic-biliary tract adenocarcinomas". Am J Clin Oncol 23 (4): 425–8. doi:10.1097/00000421-200008000-00023. PMID 10955877. 

·  ^ Park J, Oh S, Kim S, Kwon H, Kim J, Jin-Kim H, Kim Y (2005). "Single-agent gemcitabine in the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancers: a phase II study". Jpn J Clin Oncol 35 (2): 68–73. doi:10.1093/jjco/hyi021. PMID 15709089. 

·  ^ Giuliani F, Gebbia V, Maiello E, Borsellino N, Bajardi E, Colucci G. "Gemcitabine and cisplatin for inoperable and/or metastatic biliary tree carcinomas: a multicenter phase II study of the Gruppo Oncologico dell'Italia Meridionale (GOIM)". Ann Oncol 17 Suppl 7: vii73-vii77. PMID 16760299. 

·  ^ Bhargava P, Jani C, Savarese D, O'Donnell J, Stuart K, Rocha Lima C (2003). "Gemcitabine and irinotecan in locally advanced or metastatic biliary cancer: preliminary report". Oncology (WillistonPark) 17 (9 Suppl 8): 23–6. PMID 14569844. 

·  ^ Knox J, Hedley D, Oza A, Feld R, Siu L, Chen E, Nematollahi M, Pond G, Zhang J, Moore M (2005). "Combining gemcitabine and capecitabine in patients with advanced biliary cancer: a phase II trial". J Clin Oncol 23 (10): 2332–8. doi:10.1200/JCO.2005.51.008. PMID 15800324. 

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·  ^ Zoepf T, Jakobs R, Arnold J, Apel D, Riemann J (2005). "Palliation of nonresectable bile duct cancer: improved survival after photodynamic therapy". Am J Gastroenterol 100 (11): 2426–30.

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