References - Rheumatology

  ^ a b c Binder AI (2007). "Cervical spondylosis and neck pain". BMJ 334 (7592): 527–31. doi:10.1136/bmj.39127.608299.80. PMID 17347239. 

·  ^ "UpToDate Inc.". http://www.uptodate.com/online/content/topic.do?topicKey=spinaldi/6765&selectedTitle=2~143&source=search_result#28. 

·  ^ "BestBets: Manipulation and/or exercise for neck pain?". http://www.bestbets.org/bets/bet.php?id=857. 

·  ^ a b Gross AR, Hoving JL, Haines TA, et al (2004). "Manipulation and mobilisation for mechanical neck disorders". Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) (1): CD004249. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004249.pub2. PMID 14974063. 

·  ^ Hoving JL, Koes BW, de Vet HC, et al (2002). "Manual therapy, physical therapy, or continued care by a general practitioner for patients with neck pain. A randomized, controlled trial". Ann. Intern. Med. 136 (10): 713–22. PMID 12020139.

According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons ( AAOS) visits to orthopedic specialists for shoulder pain has been rising since 1998 and in 2005 over 13 million patients sought medical care for shoulder pain, of which only 34% were related to injury [4].

^ "Referred Pain Patterns around the Shoulder". http://www.jointenterprise.co.uk/frozen-shoulder-4.htm. 
^ "Pain in the shoulder blade". http://www.treatment-for.com/shoulder-blade-pain-treatment.htm. 
^ Hegedus EJ, Goode A, Campbell S, et al (2007). "Physical Examination Tests of the Shoulder: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis of Individual Tests". Br J Sports Med 42: 80. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2007.038406. PMID 17720798. 
^ American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Physician Visits for Musculoskeletal Symptoms http://www.aaos.org/Research/stats/Common%20Orthopaedic%20Symptoms%20Seen%20by%20a%20Physician.pdf
This article contains and extends text from the public domain document "Questions and Answers about Shoulder Problems", NIH Publication No. 01-4865, available from URL http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/topics/shoulderprobs/shoulderqa.htm

·  ^ Tennis elbow: even cricketers and housewives can get it, a Times of India article dated September 4, 2004

·  ^ a b c What is tennis elbow? from the BBC Sport Academy website

·  ^ Kaminsky SB, Baker CL Jr (2003). "Lateral epicondylitis of the elbow". Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg 7 (4): 179–89. doi:10.1097/00130911-200312000-00009. PMID 16518219. 

·  ^ a b c Boyer MI, Hastings H 2nd. Lateral tennis elbow: "Is there any science out there?". J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1999 Sep-Oct;8(5):481-91. Review.

·  ^ Tennis elbow from the MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia

·  ^ Bisset L, Paungmali A, Vicenzino B, Beller E (2005). "A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials on physical interventions for lateral epicondylalgia". Br J Sports Med 39 (7): 411–22; discussion 411–22. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2004.016170. PMID 15976161 abstract. 

·  ^ The effectiveness of ice treatment has been challenged in clinical research: Manias P, Stasinopoulos D (2006). "A controlled clinical pilot trial to study the effectiveness of ice as a supplement to the exercise programme for the management of lateral elbow tendinopathy". Br J Sports Med 40 (1): 81–5. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2005.020909. PMID 16371498 abstract. 

·  ^ How to treat tennis elbow from the BBC Sport Academy website

·  ^ Mishra A, Pavelko T. Treatment of chronic elbow tendinosis with buffered platelet-rich plasma. Am J Sports Med. 2006;34:1774-1778

·  ^ Cowan J, Lozano-Calderón S, Ring D. Quality of prospective controlled randomized trials. Analysis of trials of treatment for lateral epicondylitis as an example. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007 Aug;89(8):1693-9.

·  ^ Jiang ZY, Li CD, Guo JH, Li JC, Gao L (2005). "Controlled observation on electroacupuncture combined with cake-separated moxibustion for treatment of tennis elbow". Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 25 (11): 763–4. PMID 16335198. 

·  ^ Haines T, Stringer B. Corticosteroid injections or physiotherapy were not more effective than wait and see for tennis elbow at 1 year. Evid Based Med. 2007 Apr;12(2):39.

·  ^ Stasinopoulos D, Stasinopoulou K, Johnson MI (2005). "An exercise programme for the management of lateral elbow tendinopathy". Br J Sports Med 39 (12): 944–7. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2005.019836. PMID 16306504 abstract.

Wilson JJ, Best TM (2005). "Common overuse tendon problems: A review and recommendations for treatment". Am Fam Physician 72 (5): 811-8. PMID 16156339} Full article PDF.

^ "Dubin Chiropractic :: Home". http://www.dubinchiro.com/features/pitcher1.html. Retrieved on 2007-07-31. 
^ "Shoulder Bursitis". http://www.treatment-for.com/shoulder-bursitis-treatment.htm. 
·  ^ Wolfe F, Smythe HA, YunusMBet al (February 1990). "The AmericanCollege of Rheumatology 1990 Criteria for the Classification of Fibromyalgia. Report of the Multicenter Criteria Committee". Arthritis Rheum. 33 (2): 160–72. doi:10.1002/art.1780330203. PMID 2306288. 

·  ^ Wallace DJ, Hallegua DS. (October 2002). "Fibromyalgia: the gastrointestinal link.". Curr Pain Headache Rep. 8 (5): 364–8. PMID 15361320. 

·  ^ Clauw DJ, Schmidt M, Radulovic D, Singer A, Katz P, Bresette J. (Jan-February 1997). "The relationship between fibromyalgia and interstitial cystitis.". J Psychiatr Res. 31 (1): 125–31. PMID 9201654. 

·  ^ Lurie M, Caidahl K, Johansson G, Bake B. (1990). "Respiratory function in chronic primary fibromyalgia.". Scand J Rehabil Med. 22 (3): 151–5. PMID 2244193. 

·  ^ Simms RW, Goldenberg DL. (August 1988). "Symptoms mimicking neurologic disorders in fibromyalgia syndrome.". J Rheumatol. 15 (8): 1271–3. PMID 3184073. 

·  ^ Moldofsky H, Tullis C, Lue FA, Quance G, Davidson J. (Mar-April 1984). "Sleep-related myoclonus in rheumatic pain modulation disorder (fibrositis syndrome) and in excessive daytime somnolence.". Psychosom Med. 46 (2): 145–51. PMID 6585852. 

·  ^ Glass JM. (December 2006). "Cognitive dysfunction in fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome: new trends and future directions.". Curr Rheumatol Rep. 8 (6): 425–9. PMID 17092441. 

·  ^ Buskila D, Cohen H. (October 2007). "Comorbidity of fibromyalgia and psychiatric disorders.". Curr Pain Headache Rep. 11 (5): 333–8. PMID 17894922. 

·  ^ YunusMB. (December 1983). "Fibromyalgia syndrome: a need for uniform classification.". J Rheumatol. 10 (6): 841. PMID 6582267. 

·  ^ a b Goldenberg DL (January 1995). "Fibromyalgia: why such controversy?". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 54 (1): 3–5. PMID 7880118. PMC: 1005499. http://ard.bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7880118. 

·  ^ Schweinhardt P, Sauro KM, Bushnell MC. (October 2008). "Fibromyalgia: a disorder of the brain?". Neuroscientist. 14 (5): 415–21. PMID 18270311. 

·  ^ a b c Goldenberg DL (2008). "Multidisciplinary modalities in the treatment of fibromyalgia". J Clin Psychiatry 69: 30–4. PMID 18537461. 

·  ^ fibromyalgia-symptoms.org Retrieved on April 19, 2009

·  ^ Wallace DJ, Hallegua DS (October 2004). "Fibromyalgia: the gastrointestinal link". Curr Pain Headache Rep 8 (5): 364–8. doi:10.1007/s11916-996-0009-z. PMID 15361320. 

·  ^ Moldofsky H, Scarisbrick P, England R, Smythe H (1975). "Musculosketal symptoms and non-REM sleep disturbance in patients with "fibrositis syndrome" and healthy subjects". Psychosom Med 37 (4): 341–51. PMID 169541. http://www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=169541. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Glass JM (December 2006). "Cognitive dysfunction in fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome: new trends and future directions". Curr Rheumatol Rep 8 (6): 425–9. doi:10.1007/s11926-006-0036-0. PMID 17092441. 

·  ^ a b c d Leavitt F, Katz RS, Mills M, Heard AR (2002). "Cognitive and Dissociative Manifestations in Fibromyalgia". J Clin Rheumatol. 8 (2): 77–84. doi:10.1097/00124743-200204000-00003. PMID 17041327. 

·  ^ a b c d e Buskila D, Cohen H (October 2007). "Comorbidity of fibromyalgia and psychiatric disorders". Curr Pain Headache Rep 11 (5): 333–8. doi:10.1007/s11916-007-0214-4. PMID 17894922. 

·  ^ Tander B, Atmaca A, Aliyazicioglu Y, Canturk F (October 2007). "Serum ghrelin levels but not GH, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels are altered in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome". Joint Bone Spine 74 (5): 477–81. doi:10.1016/j.jbspin.2007.01.024. PMID 17689128. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1297-319X(07)00183-2. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ "Does Fibromyalgia Affect Eyesight?". 2008-08-06. http://www.fibromyalgia-associationuk.org/content/view/266/208/. Retrieved on 2008-08-06. 

·  ^ Shannon Erstad (2005-11-10). "Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for fibromyalgia". Health Yahoo. http://health.yahoo.com/topic/pain/resources/article/healthwise/hw196001. Retrieved on 2007-10-25. 

·  ^ Bennett RM, Jones J, Turk DC, Russell IJ, Matallana L. (March 2007). "An internet survey of 2,596 people with fibromyalgia.". BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 9;8:27. 9 (6): 27. PMID 17349056. 

·  ^ Stormorken H; Brosstad F (1992). "Fibromyalgia: family clustering and sensory urgency with early onset indicate genetic predisposition and thus a "true" disease". Scand J Rheumatol. 21 (4): 207. doi:10.3109/03009749209099225. PMID 1529291. 

·  ^ Arnold LM, Hudson JI, Hess EV, et al (March 2004). "Family study of fibromyalgia". Arthritis Rheum. 50 (3): 944–52. doi:10.1002/art.20042. PMID 15022338. 

·  ^ Buskila D, Sarzi-Puttini P (2006). "Biology and therapy of fibromyalgia. Genetic aspects of fibromyalgia syndrome". Arthritis Res Ther. 8 (5): 218. doi:10.1186/ar2005. PMID 16887010. 

·  ^ Cohen H, Buskila D, Neumann L, Ebstein RP (March 2002). "Confirmation of an association between fibromyalgia and serotonin transporter promoter region (5- HTTLPR) polymorphism, and relationship to anxiety-related personality traits". Arthritis Rheum. 46 (3): 845–7. doi:10.1002/art.10103. PMID 11920428. 

·  ^ Buskila D, Dan B, Cohen H, et al (August 2004). "An association between fibromyalgia and the dopamine D4 receptor exon III repeat polymorphism and relationship to novelty seeking personality traits". Mol. Psychiatry 9 (8): 730–1. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001506. PMID 15052273. 

·  ^ Zubieta JK, Heitzeg MM, Smith YR, et al (February 2003). "COMT val158met genotype affects mu-opioid neurotransmitter responses to a pain stressor". Science (journal) 299 (5610): 1240–3. doi:10.1126/science.1078546. PMID 12595695. 

·  ^ Narita M, Nishigami N, Narita N, et al (November 2003). "Association between serotonin transporter gene polymorphism and chronic fatigue syndrome". Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 311 (2): 264–6. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.09.207. PMID 14592408. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0006291X03020497. 

·  ^ Camilleri M, Atanasova E, Carlson PJ, et al (August 2002). "Serotonin-transporter polymorphism pharmacogenetics in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome". Gastroenterology 123 (2): 425–32. doi:10.1053/gast.2002.34780. PMID 12145795. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016508502001208. 

·  ^ Hudson JI, Mangweth B, Pope HG JR, De COL C, Hausmann A, Gutweniger S, Laird NM, Biebl W, Tsuang MT. Family study of affective spectrum disorder. Arch Gene Psychiatry. 2003;60:170–177. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.60.2.170.

·  ^ Anderberg UM, Marteinsdottir I, Theorell T, von Knorring L (August 2000). "The impact of life events in female patients with fibromyalgia and in female healthy controls". Eur Psychiatry 15 (5): 33–41. doi:10.1016/S0924-9338(00)00397-7. PMID 10954873. 

·  ^ Wood PB (2004). "Fibromyalgia: A Central Role for the Hippocampus – A Theoretical Construct". J Musculoskeletal Pain 12 (1): 19–26. http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?sid=02FUKHQ65W2U9PXDV722GK6D5GQWC5PE&ID=42619. 

·  ^ Uno H, Tarara R, Else JG, Suleman MA, Sapolsky RM. (May 1989). "Hippocampal damage associated with prolonged and fatal stress in primates.". J Neurosci. 9 (5): 1705–11. PMID 2723746. 

·  ^ Lucassen PJ, Vollmann-Honsdorf GK, Gleisberg M, Czéh B, De Kloet ER, Fuchs E. (Ju1 2001). "Chronic psychosocial stress differentially affects apoptosis in hippocampal subregions and cortex of the adult tree shrew.". Eur J Neurosci. 14 (1): 161–6. PMID 11488960. 

·  ^ a b Emad Y, Ragab Y, Zeinhom F, El-Khouly G, Abou-Zeid A, Rasker JJ. (July 2008). "Hippocampus dysfunction may explain symptoms of fibromyalgia syndrome. A study with single-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy.". J Rheumatol. 35 (7): 1371–7. PMID 18484688. 

·  ^ a b Wood PB, Ledbetter CR, Glabus MF, Broadwell LK, Patterson JC 2nd. "Hippocampal Metabolite Abnormalities in Fibromyalgia: Correlation With Clinical Features.". J Pain.. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2008.07.003. PMID 18771960. 

·  ^ McBeth J, Chiu YH, Silman AJ, Ray D, Morriss R, Dickens C, Gupta A, Macfarlane GJ. (2005). "Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis function and the relationship with chronic widespread pain and its antecedents". Arthritis Res Ther. 7 (5): R992–R1000. PMID 16207340. 

·  ^ McBeth J, Silman AJ, Gupta A, Chiu YH, Ray D, Morriss R, Dickens C, King Y, Macfarlane GJ. (2007). "Moderation of psychosocial risk factors through dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis in the onset of chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain: findings of a population-based prospective cohort study.". Arthritis Rheum. 2007 Jan;56(1):360-71.. 56 (1): 360–71. PMID 17195240. 

·  ^ "Fibromyalgia – An Information Booklet". Arthritis Research Campaign. October 2004. http://www.arc.org.uk/arthinfo/patpubs/6013/6013.asp. 

·  ^ Cervenka S, Pålhagen SE, Comley RA, et al (August 2006). "Support for dopaminergic hypoactivity in restless legs syndrome: a PET study on D2-receptor binding". Brain 129 (Pt 8): 2017–28. doi:10.1093/brain/awl163. PMID 16816393. http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16816393. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ YunusMB, Aldag JC (May 1996). "Restless legs syndrome and leg cramps in fibromyalgia syndrome: a controlled study". BMJ 312 (7042): 1339. PMID 8646049. http://bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8646049. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Sage JI (May 2004). "Pain in Parkinson's Disease" ([dead link] – Scholar search). Curr Treat Options Neurol 6 (3): 191–200. doi:10.1007/s11940-004-0011-x. PMID 15043802. http://www.treatment-options.com/1092-8480/6/191. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Potvin S, Stip E, Tempier A, et al (December 2007). "Pain perception in schizophrenia: No changes in diffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNIC) but a lack of pain sensitization". J Psychiatr Res 42: 1010. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2007.11.001. PMID 18093615. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022-3956(07)00187-2. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Potvin S, Marchand S (December 2007). "Hypoalgesia in schizophrenia is independent of antipsychotic drugs: A systematic quantitative review of experimental studies". Pain 138: 70. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.11.007. PMID 18160219. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304-3959(07)00676-8. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Stiasny-Kolster K, Magerl W, Oertel WH, Möller JC, Treede RD (April 2004). "Static mechanical hyperalgesia without dynamic tactile allodynia in patients with restless legs syndrome". Brain 127 (Pt 4): 773–82. doi:10.1093/brain/awh079. PMID 14985260. http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=14985260. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Van Houdenhove B, Egle U, Luyten P (October 2005). "The role of life stress in fibromyalgia". Curr Rheumatol Rep 7 (5): 365–70. doi:10.1007/s11926-005-0021-z. PMID 16174484. 

·  ^ Clauw DJ, Crofford LJ (August 2003). "Chronic widespread pain and fibromyalgia: what we know, and what we need to know". Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 17 (4): 685–701. doi:10.1016/S1521-6942(03)00035-4. PMID 12849719. 

·  ^ Wood PB (2004). "Stress and dopamine: implications for the pathophysiology of chronic widespread pain". Med. Hypotheses 62 (3): 420–4. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2003.10.013. PMID 14975515. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0306987703003748. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Finlay JM, Zigmond MJ (November 1997). "The effects of stress on central dopaminergic neurons: possible clinical implications". Neurochem. Res. 22 (11): 1387–94. doi:10.1023/A:1022075324164. PMID 9355111. 

·  ^ Chudler EH, Dong WK (January 1995). "The role of the basal ganglia in nociception and pain". Pain 60 (1): 3–38. doi:10.1016/0304-3959(94)00172-B. PMID 7715939. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0304-3959(94)00172-B. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Altier N, Stewart J (1999). "The role of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens in analgesia". Life Sci. 65 (22): 2269–87. doi:10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00298-2. PMID 10597883. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0024320599002982. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ BurkeyAR, Carstens E, Jasmin L (May 1999). "Dopamine reuptake inhibition in the rostral agranular insular cortex produces antinociception". J. Neurosci. 19 (10): 4169–79. PMID 10234044. http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10234044. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ López-Avila A, Coffeen U, Ortega-Legaspi JM, del Angel R, Pellicer F (September 2004). "Dopamine and NMDA systems modulate long-term nociception in the rat anterior cingulate cortex". Pain 111 (1-2): 136–43. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2004.06.010. PMID 15327817. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304395904002982. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ ShyuBC, Kiritsy-Roy JA, Morrow TJ, Casey KL (February 1992). "Neurophysiological, pharmacological and behavioral evidence for medial thalamic mediation of cocaine-induced dopaminergic analgesia". Brain Res. 572 (1-2): 216–23. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)90472-L. PMID 1611515. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0006-8993(92)90472-L. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Flores JA, El Banoua F, Galán-Rodríguez B, Fernandez-Espejo E (July 2004). "Opiate anti-nociception is attenuated following lesion of large dopamine neurons of the periaqueductal grey: critical role for D1 (not D2) dopamine receptors". Pain 110 (1-2): 205–14. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2004.03.036. PMID 15275769. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304395904001733. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Lindvall O, Björklund A, Skagerberg G (September 1983). "Dopamine-containing neurons in the spinal cord: anatomy and some functional aspects". Ann. Neurol. 14 (3): 255–60. doi:10.1002/ana.410140302. PMID 6314870. 

·  ^ Tamae A, Nakatsuka T, Koga K, et al (October 2005). "Direct inhibition of substantia gelatinosa neurones in the rat spinal cord by activation of dopamine D2-like receptors". J. Physiol. (Lond.) 568 (Pt 1): 243–53. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2005.091843. PMID 15975975. http://www.jphysiol.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=15975975. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Wood PB, Patterson JC, Sunderland JJ, Tainter KH, Glabus MF, Lilien DL (January 2007). "Reduced presynaptic dopamine activity in fibromyalgia syndrome demonstrated with positron emission tomography: a pilot study". J Pain 8 (1): 51–8. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2006.05.014. PMID 17023218. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1526-5900(06)00843-1. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Scott DJ, Heitzeg MM, Koeppe RA, Stohler CS, Zubieta JK (October 2006). "Variations in the human pain stress experience mediated by ventral and dorsal basal ganglia dopamine activity". J. Neurosci. 26 (42): 10789–95. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2577-06.2006. PMID 17050717. http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=17050717. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Wood PB, Schweinhardt P, Jaeger E, et al (June 2007). "Fibromyalgia patients show an abnormal dopamine response to pain". Eur. J. Neurosci. 25 (12): 3576–82. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05623.x. PMID 17610577. http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/openurl?genre=article&sid=nlm:pubmed&issn=0953-816X&date=2007&volume=25&issue=12&spage=3576. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ a b Holman AJ, Myers RR (August 2005). "A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pramipexole, a dopamine agonist, in patients with fibromyalgia receiving concomitant medications". Arthritis Rheum. 52 (8): 2495–505. doi:10.1002/art.21191. PMID 16052595. 

·  ^ a b Moldofsky H, Scarisbrick P, England R, Smythe H (01 Jul-August 1975). "Musculosketal symptoms and non-REM sleep disturbance in patients with "fibrositis syndrome" and healthy subjects". Psychosom Med 37 (4): 341–51. PMID 169541. http://www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=169541. 

·  ^ Russell IJ, Michalek JE, Vipraio GA, Fletcher EM, Javors MA, Bowden CA (January 1992). "Platelet 3H-imipramine uptake receptor density and serum serotonin levels in patients with fibromyalgia/fibrositis syndrome". J Rheumatol. 19 (1): 104–9. PMID 1313504. 

·  ^ Russell IJ, Vaeroy H, Javors M, Nyberg F (May 1992). "Cerebrospinal fluid biogenic amine metabolites in fibromyalgia/fibrositis syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis". Arthritis Rheum. 35 (5): 550–6. doi:10.1002/art.1780350509. PMID 1374252. 

·  ^ Arnold LM (2006). "Biology and therapy of fibromyalgia. New therapies in fibromyalgia". Arthritis Res Ther. 8 (4): 212. doi:10.1186/ar1971. PMID 16762044. 

·  ^ Jaschko G, Hepp U, Berkhoff M, et al (September 2007). "Serum serotonin levels are not useful in diagnosing fibromyalgia". Ann Rheum Dis. 66 (9): 1267–8. doi:10.1136/ard.2006.058842. PMID 17693607. 

·  ^ Späth M (May 2002). "Current experience with 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in fibromyalgia". Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 28 (2): 319–28. doi:10.1016/S0889-857X(01)00014-X. PMID 12122920. 

·  ^ Anderberg UM, Liu Z, Berglund L, Nyberg F (1999). "Elevated plasma levels of neuropeptide Y in female fibromyalgia patients". Eur J Pain 3 (1): 19–30. doi:10.1016/S1090-3801(99)90185-4. PMID 10700334. 

·  ^ Jones KD, Deodhar P, Lorentzen A, Bennett RM, Deodhar AA (2007). "Growth hormone perturbations in fibromyalgia: a review". Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism 36 (6): 357–79. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2006.09.006. PMID 17224178. 

·  ^ Shuer, ML (2003). "Fibromyalgia: symptom constellation and potential therapeutic options". Endocrine 22 (1): 67–76. doi:10.1385/ENDO:22:1:67. PMID 14610300. 

·  ^ Yuen, KC; Bennett RM, Hryciw CA, Cook MB, Rhoads SA, Cook DM (2007). "Is further evaluation for growth hormone (GH) deficiency necessary in fibromyalgia patients with low serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I levels?". Growth hormone & IGF research 17 (1): 82–8. doi:10.1016/j.ghir.2006.12.006. PMID 17289417. 

·  ^ Bennett, RM; Cook DM, Clark SR, Burckhardt CS, Campbell SM.. "Hypothalamic-pituitary-insulin-like growth factor-I axis dysfunction in patients with fibromyalgia". J Rheumatology 24 (7): 1384–9. PMID 9228141. 

·  ^ McCall-Hosenfeld, JS; Goldenberg DL, Hurwitz S, Adler GK.. "Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations in women with fibromyalgia". Journal of Rheumatology 30: 809–14. PMID 12672204. 

·  ^ Pae CU, Luyten P, Marks DM, Han C, Park SH, Patkar AA, Masand PS, Van Houdenhove B (August 2008). "The relationship between fibromyalgia and major depressive disorder: a comprehensive review.". Curr Med Res Opin 24 (8): 2359–71. doi:10.1185/03007990802288338. PMID 18606054. 

·  ^ Giesecke T, Gracely RH, Williams DA, Geisser ME, Petzke FW, Clauw DJ (May 2005). "The relationship between depression, clinical pain, and experimental pain in a chronic pain cohort.". Arthritis Rheum. 52 (5): 1577–84. doi:10.1002/art.21008. PMID 15880832. 

·  ^ Sarno, Dr. John E. et al, (2006). The Divided Mind: The Epidemic of Mindbody Disorders. New York: HC. pp. 21–2, 235–7, 294–8. ISBN 0-06-085178-3. 

·  ^ Laylander JA (1999). "A Nutrient/Toxin Interaction Theory of the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Chronic Pain-Fatigue Syndromes: Part I". Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 5 (1): 67–91. doi:10.1300/J092v05n01_08. 

·  ^ Laylander JA (1999). "A Nutrient/Toxin Interaction Theory of the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Chronic Pain-Fatigue Syndromes: Part II". Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 5 (1): 93–126. doi:10.1300/J092v05n01_08. 

·  ^ Komaroff AL, Goldenberg D (2007). "The chronic fatigue syndrome: definition, current studies and lessons for fibromyalgia research". Med. Hypotheses 69 (3): 517–25. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2005.10.037. PMID 17376601. 

·  ^ Pimental M, Wallace D, Hallegua D et.al (November 1989). "A link between irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia may be related to findings on lactulose breath testing". J Rheumatol Suppl 19: 23–7. PMID 2691680. 

·  ^ Szalavitz M (1999). "SAMe as it ever was?". Notes Undergr 39: 14–5. PMID 11366783. 

·  ^ Katz DL, Greene L, Ali A, Faridi Z (2007). "The pain of fibromyalgia syndrome is due to muscle hypoperfusion induced by regional vasomotor dysregulation". Med. Hypotheses 69 (3): 517–25. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2005.10.037. PMID 17376601. 

·  ^ Moldofsky H, Scarisbrick P (01 Jan-February 1976). "Induction of neurasthenic musculoskeletal pain syndrome by selective sleep stage deprivation". Psychosom Med 38 (1): 35–44. PMID 176677. http://www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=176677. 

·  ^ Drewes AM, Gade K, Nielsen KD, Bjerregård K, Taagholt SJ, Svendsen L (December 1995). "Clustering of sleep electroencephalographic patterns in patients with the fibromyalgia syndrome". Br J Rheumatol. 34 (12): 1151–6. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/34.12.1151. PMID 8608357. http://rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8608357. 

·  ^ Desmeules JA, Cedraschi C, Rapiti E, et al (May 2003). "Neurophysiologic evidence for a central sensitization in patients with fibromyalgia". Arthritis Rheum. 48 (5): 1420–9. doi:10.1002/art.10893. PMID 12746916. 

·  ^ Kosek E, Hansson P (March 1997). "Modulatory influence on somatosensory perception from vibration and heterotopic noxious conditioning stimulation (HNCS) in fibromyalgia patients and healthy subjects". Pain 70 (1): 41–51. doi:10.1016/S0304-3959(96)03295-2. PMID 9106808. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304395996032952. 

·  ^ Staud R, Vierck CJ, Cannon RL, Mauderli AP, Price DD (March 2001). "Abnormal sensitization and temporal summation of second pain (wind-up) in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome". Pain 91 (1-2): 165–75. doi:10.1016/S0304-3959(00)00432-2. PMID 11240089. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304-3959(00)00432-2. 

·  ^ Staud R, Robinson ME, Price DD (November 2005). "Isometric exercise has opposite effects on central pain mechanisms in fibromyalgia patients compared to normal controls". Pain 118 (1-2): 176–84. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.08.007. PMID 16154700. 

·  ^ Gur A, Cevik R, Sarac AJ, Colpan L, Em S (November 2004). "Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and cortisol in young women with primary fibromyalgia: the potential roles of depression, fatigue, and sleep disturbance in the occurrence of hypocortisolism". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 63 (11): 1504–6. doi:10.1136/ard.2003.014969. PMID 15479904. 

·  ^ Griep EN, Boersma JW, Lentjes EG, Prins AP, van der Korst JK, de Kloet ER (July 1998). "Function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with fibromyalgia and low back pain". J. Rheumatol. 25 (7): 1374–81. PMID 9676772. 

·  ^ Bennett RM (August 2002). "Adult growth hormone deficiency in patients with fibromyalgia". Curr Rheumatol Rep 4 (4): 306–12. doi:10.1007/s11926-002-0039-4. PMID 12126582. 

·  ^ Neeck G, Riedel W (July 1992). "Thyroid function in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome". J. Rheumatol. 19 (7): 1120–2. PMID 1512769. 

·  ^ Riedel W, Layka H, Neeck G (1998). "Secretory pattern of GH, TSH, thyroid hormones, ACTH, cortisol, FSH, and LH in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome following systemic injection of the relevant hypothalamic-releasing hormones". Z Rheumatol 57 Suppl 2: 81–7. doi:10.1007/s003930050242. PMID 10025090. http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00393/bibs/857%20Suppl%202000/857%20Suppl%2020081.htm. 

·  ^ Dessein PH, Shipton EA, Joffe BI, Hadebe DP, Stanwix AE, Van der Merwe BA (November 1999). "Hyposecretion of adrenal androgens and the relation of serum adrenal steroids, serotonin and insulin-like growth factor-1 to clinical features in women with fibromyalgia". Pain 83 (2): 313–9. doi:10.1016/S0304-3959(99)00113-X. PMID 10534604. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S030439599900113X. 

·  ^ Neeck G, Crofford LJ (November 2000). "Neuroendocrine perturbations in fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome". Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. 26 (4): 989–1002. doi:10.1016/S0889-857X(05)70180-0. PMID 11084955. 

·  ^ Martinez-Lavin M. Biology and therapy of fibromyalgia. Stress, the stress response system, and fibromyalgia. Arthritis Res Ther. 2007;9(4):216.

·  ^ Giske L, Vøllestad NK, Mengshoel AM, Jensen J, Knardahl S, Røe C (April 2008). "Attenuated adrenergic responses to exercise in women with fibromyalgia--a controlled study". Eur J Pain 12 (3): 351–60. doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2007.07.007. PMID 17827042. 

·  ^ Nilsen KB, Sand T, Westgaard RH, Stovner LJ, White LR, Bang Leistad R, Helde G, Rø M. Autonomic activation and pain in response to low-grade mental stress in fibromyalgia and shoulder/neck pain patients. Eur J Pain. 2007 Oct;11(7):743-55.

·  ^ Martínez-Lavín M, Hermosillo AG, Mendoza C, et al (April 1997). "Orthostatic sympathetic derangement in subjects with fibromyalgia". J. Rheumatol. 24 (4): 714–8. PMID 9101507. 

·  ^ Anderberg UM, Liu Z, Berglund L, Nyberg F (March 1999). "Elevated plasma levels of neuropeptide Y in female fibromyalgia patients". Eur J Pain 3 (1): 19–30. doi:10.1016/S1090-3801(99)90185-4. PMID 10700334. 

·  ^ van Denderen JC, Boersma JW, Zeinstra P, Hollander AP, van Neerbos BR (1992). "Physiological effects of exhaustive physical exercise in primary fibromyalgia syndrome (PFS): is PFS a disorder of neuroendocrine reactivity?". Scand. J. Rheumatol. 21 (1): 35–7. doi:10.3109/03009749209095060. PMID 1570485. 

·  ^ Adler GK, Kinsley BT, Hurwitz S, Mossey CJ, Goldenberg DL (May 1999). "Reduced hypothalamic-pituitary and sympathoadrenal responses to hypoglycemia in women with fibromyalgia syndrome". Am J Med. 106 (5): 534–43. doi:10.1016/S0002-9343(99)00074-1. PMID 10335725. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002934399000741. 

·  ^ Torpy DJ, Papanicolaou DA, Lotsikas AJ, Wilder RL, Chrousos GP, Pillemer SR (April 2000). "Responses of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to interleukin-6: a pilot study in fibromyalgia". Arthritis Rheum. 43 (4): 872–80. doi:10.1002/1529-0131(200004)43:4<872::AID-ANR19>3.0.CO;2-T. PMID 10765933. 

·  ^ Russell IJ, Orr MD, Littman B, et al (November 1994). "Elevated cerebrospinal fluid levels of substance P in patients with the fibromyalgia syndrome". Arthritis Rheum. 37 (11): 1593–601. doi:10.1002/art.1780371106. PMID 7526868. 

·  ^ Vaerøy H, Helle R, Førre O, Kåss E, Terenius L (January 1988). "Elevated CSF levels of substance P and high incidence of Raynaud phenomenon in patients with fibromyalgia: new features for diagnosis". Pain 32 (1): 21–6. doi:10.1016/0304-3959(88)90019-X. PMID 2448729. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0304-3959(88)90019-X. 

·  ^ Evengard B, Nilsson CG, Lindh G, et al (November 1998). "Chronic fatigue syndrome differs from fibromyalgia. No evidence for elevated substance P levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome". Pain 78 (2): 153–5. doi:10.1016/S0304-3959(98)00134-1. PMID 9839828. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304-3959(98)00134-1. 

·  ^ Russell IJ, Vaeroy H, Javors M, Nyberg F (May 1992). "Cerebrospinal fluid biogenic amine metabolites in fibromyalgia/fibrositis syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis". Arthritis Rheum. 35 (5): 550–6. doi:10.1002/art.1780350509. PMID 1374252. 

·  ^ Vaerøy H, Nyberg F, Terenius L (August 1991). "No evidence for endorphin deficiency in fibromyalgia following investigation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynorphin A and Met-enkephalin-Arg6-Phe7". Pain 46 (2): 139–43. doi:10.1016/0304-3959(91)90068-9. PMID 1684241. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0304-3959(91)90068-9. 

·  ^ Giovengo SL, Russell IJ, Larson AA (July 1999). "Increased concentrations of nerve growth factor in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with fibromyalgia". J Rheumatol. 26 (7): 1564–9. PMID 10405946. 

·  ^ Larson AA, Giovengo SL, Russell IJ, Michalek JE (August 2000). "Changes in the concentrations of amino acids in the cerebrospinal fluid that correlate with pain in patients with fibromyalgia: implications for nitric oxide pathways". Pain 87 (2): 201–11. doi:10.1016/S0304-3959(00)00284-0. PMID 10924813. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304-3959(00)00284-0. 

·  ^ Mountz JM, Bradley LA, Modell JG, et al (July 1995). "Fibromyalgia in women. Abnormalities of regional cerebral blood flow in the thalamus and the caudate nucleus are associated with low pain threshold levels". Arthritis Rheum. 38 (7): 926–38. doi:10.1002/art.1780380708. PMID 7612042. 

·  ^ Kwiatek R, Barnden L, Tedman R, et al (December 2000). "Regional cerebral blood flow in fibromyalgia: single-photon-emission computed tomography evidence of reduction in the pontine tegmentum and thalami". Arthritis Rheum. 43 (12): 2823–33. doi:10.1002/1529-0131(200012)43:12<2823::AID-ANR24>3.0.CO;2-E. PMID 11145042. 

·  ^ Gracely RH, Petzke F, Wolf JM, Clauw DJ (May 2002). "Functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence of augmented pain processing in fibromyalgia". Arthritis Rheum. 46 (5): 1333–43. doi:10.1002/art.10225. PMID 12115241. 

·  ^ Cook DB, Lange G, Ciccone DS, Liu WC, Steffener J, Natelson BH (February 2004). "Functional imaging of pain in patients with primary fibromyalgia". J Rheumatol. 31 (2): 364–78. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/31.6.364. PMID 14760810. http://www.jrheum.com/subscribers/04/02/364.html. 

·  ^ Burckhardt CS, Clark SR, Bennett RM. (May 1991). "The fibromyalgia impact questionnaire: development and validation.". J Rheumatol. 18 (5): 728–33. PMID 1865419. 

·  ^ Harris RE, Sundgren PC, Pang Y, Hsu M, Petrou M, Kim SH, McLean SA, Gracely RH, Clauw DJ. (March 2008). "Dynamic levels of glutamate within the insula are associated with improvements in multiple pain domains in fibromyalgia.". Arthritis Rheum. 58 (3): 903–7. PMID 18311814. 

·  ^ Kuchinad A, Schweinhardt P, Seminowicz DA, Wood PB, Chizh BA, Bushnell MC (April 2007). "Accelerated brain gray matter loss in fibromyalgia patients: premature aging of the brain?". J Neurosci. 27 (15): 4004–7. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0098-07.2007. PMID 17428976. 

·  ^ Wood PB, Patterson JC, Sunderland JJ, Tainter KH, Glabus MF, Lilien DL (January 2007). "Reduced presynaptic dopamine activity in fibromyalgia syndrome demonstrated with positron emission tomography: a pilot study". J Pain 8 (1): 51–8. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2006.05.014. PMID 17023218. 

·  ^ Wood PB, Schweinhardt P, Jaeger E, et al (June 2007). "Fibromyalgia patients show an abnormal dopamine response to pain". Eur J Neurosci. 25 (12): 3576–82. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05623.x. PMID 17610577. 

·  ^ Harris RE, Clauw DJ, Scott DJ, McLean SA, Gracely RH, Zubieta JK (September 2007). "Decreased central mu-opioid receptor availability in fibromyalgia". J Neurosci. 27 (37): 10000–6. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2849-07.2007. PMID 17855614. 

·  ^ National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (June 2004). "Questions and Answers About Fibromyalgia – How Is Fibromyalgia Diagnosed?". National Institutes for Health. http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/topics/fibromyalgia/fibrofs.htm#fib_d. 

·  ^ Burkhardt C, Goldenberg DL, Crofford LJ, et al. "Guideline for the Management of Fibromyalgia Syndrome Pain in Adults and Children". APS Clinical Practice Guidelines Series, No. 4, 2005. 

·  ^ Carville SF, Arendt-Nielsen S, Bliddal H, et al. (2008). "EULAR evidence-based recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia syndrome.". Ann Rheum Dis. 67: 536–41. PMID 17644548. 

·  ^ Staud R, Spaeth M. (Mar 2008). "Psychophysical and neurochemical abnormalities of pain processing in fibromyalgia.". CNS Spectr. 13 (3 suppl 5): 12-7. PMID 18323768. 

·  ^ "Treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome with antidepressants: a meta-analysis.Häuser W, Bernardy K, Uçeyler N, Sommer C.Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum Saarbrücken, Winterberg 1, D-66119 Saarbrücken, Germany. [email protected]". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19141768?dopt=Abstract. Retrieved on 2009-01-24. 

·  ^ Arnold LM (2006). "Biology and therapy of fibromyalgia. New therapies in fibromyalgia.". Arthritis Res Ther. 8 (4): 212. PMID 16762044. 

·  ^ Arnold LM, Goldenberg DL, Stanford SB, et al (April 2007). "Gabapentin in the treatment of fibromyalgia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial". Arthritis Rheum. 56 (4): 1336–44. doi:10.1002/art.22457. PMID 17393438. 

·  ^ U.S. Food and Drug Administration (June 21, 2007). FDA Approves First Drug for Treating Fibromyalgia. Press release. http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/NEWS/2007/NEW01656.html. Retrieved on 2008-01-14. 

·  ^ Crofford LJ, Rowbotham MC, Mease PJ, et al (2005). "Pregabalin for the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial". Arthritis Rheum. 52 (4): 1264–73. doi:10.1002/art.20983. PMID 15818684. 

·  ^ A Double-Blind Multicenter Proof of Concept Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Rotigotine in Subjects With Fibromyalgia Syndrome - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov

·  ^ Staud R, Vierck CJ, Robinson ME, Price DD (2005). "Effects of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist dextromethorphan on temporal summation of pain are similar in fibromyalgia patients and normal control subjects". The journal of pain: official journal of the American Pain Society 6 (5): 323–32. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2005.01.357. PMID 15890634. 

·  ^ Salynn Boyles (2005-05-23). "Cough Drug May Help Fibromyalgia Pain: Findings Could Affect Other Chronic Pain Conditions". WebMD. http://www.webmd.com/content/article/106/108142. 

·  ^ Schley M, Legler A, Skopp G, Schmelz M, Konrad C, Rukwied R (2006). "Delta-9-THC based monotherapy in fibromyalgia patients on experimentally induced pain, axon reflex flare, and pain relief". Current medical research and opinion 22 (7): 1269–76. doi:10.1185/030079906X112651. PMID 16834825. 

·  ^ Skrabek RQ, Galimova L, Ethans K, Perry D. (2008). "Nabilone for the treatment of pain in fibromyalgia.". J Pain. 4 (7): 164–73. PMID 17974490. 

·  ^ Burnes TL, Ineck JR (2006). "Cannabinoid Analgesia as a Potential New Therapeutic Option in the Treatment of Chronic Pain". Annals of Pharmacotherapy 40 (2): 251–60. doi:10.1345/aph.1G217. PMID 16449552. http://www.theannals.com/cgi/content/full/40/2/251. 

·  ^ Radbruch L, Elsner F (2005). "Emerging analgesics in cancer pain management". Expert opinion on emerging drugs 10 (1): 151–71. doi:10.1517/14728214.10.1.151. PMID 15757410. 

·  ^ Notcutt W, Price M, Miller R, et al (2004). "Initial experiences with medicinal extracts of cannabis for chronic pain: results from 34 'N of 1' studies". Anaesthesia 59 (5): 440–52. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.03674.x. PMID 15096238. 

·  ^ Russo EB (2004). "Clinical endocannabinoid deficiency (CECD): can this concept explain therapeutic benefits of cannabis in migraine, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome and other treatment-resistant conditions?". Neuro Endocrinol. Lett. 25 (1-2): 31–9. PMID 15159679. 

·  ^ Kathy Longley (2004). "Are phosphates the hidden enemy?" (PDF). Fibromyalgia Association UK. http://www.fibromyalgia-associationuk.org/component/option,com_docman/task,doc_download/gid,4/Itemid,40/. 

·  ^ Bennett RM, De Garmo P, Clark SR (1996). "A Randomized, Prospective, 12 Month Study To Compare The Efficacy Of Guaifenesin Versus Placebo In The Management Of Fibromyalgia" (reprint). Arthritis and Rheumatism 39: S212. doi:10.1002/art.1780391004. http://www.myalgia.com/guaif2.htm. 
Lay summary and report:

Kristin Thorson (1997). "Is One Placebo Better Than Another? – The Guaifenesin Story". Fibromyalgia Network. Fibromyalgia Network. http://www.fmnetnews.com/resources-alert-product6.php. 
·  ^ Robert Bennett. "Speculation as to the mechanism whereby some of Dr. St. Amand's fibromyalgia patients experienced improvement while taking guaifenesin". Fibromyalgia Information Foundation. http://www.myalgia.com/Treatment/guaifspe.htm. Retrieved on 2008-01-06. 

·  ^ St. Amand, R. Paul (1997). "A Response To The Oregon Study's Implication". Clinical Bulletin of Myofascial Therapy 2 (4). http://www.fibromyalgiatreatment.com/Research_Oregon.htm. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. 

·  ^ Busch A, Schachter CL, Peloso PM, Bombardier C (2002). "Exercise for treating fibromyalgia syndrome". Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) (3): CD003786. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003786. PMID 12137713. 

·  ^ Berman BM, Ezzo J, Hadhazy V, Swyers JP (1999). "Is acupuncture effective in the treatment of fibromyalgia?". The Journal of family practice 48 (3): 213–8. PMID 10086765. 

·  ^ Gowans SE, deHueck A (2004). "Effectiveness of exercise in management of fibromyalgia". Current opinion in rheumatology 16 (2): 138–42. doi:10.1097/00002281-200403000-00012. PMID 14770100. 

·  ^ Gamber RG, Shores JH, Russo DP, Jimenez C, Rubin BR (2002). "Osteopathic manipulative treatment in conjunction with medication relieves pain associated with fibromyalgia syndrome: results of a randomized clinical pilot project" (PDF). The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 102 (6): 321–5. PMID 12090649. http://www.jaoa.org/cgi/reprint/102/6/321.pdf. 

·  ^ Williams, DA (August 2003). "Psychological and behavioural therapies in fibromyalgia and related syndromes.". Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 17 (4): 649–65. PMID 12849717. 

·  ^ Sarno, Dr. John E, et al (2006). The Divided Mind: The Epidemic of Mindbody Disorders. ReganBooks. pp. 21–2, 235–7, 264–5, 294–8, 315, 319–20, 363. ISBN 0-06-085178-3. 

·  ^ Leonard-Segal, Dr. Andrea (2006). "A Rheumatologist's Experience With Psychosomatic Disorders". The Divided Mind: The Epidemic of Mindbody Disorders. ReganBooks. pp. 264–5. ISBN 0-06-085178-3. 

·  ^ Goldenberg DL, Mossey CJ, Schmid CH. (December 1995). "A model to assess severity and impact of fibromyalgia". J Rheumatol. 22 (12): 2313–8. PMID 8835568. 

·  ^ Chakrabarty, S; Zoorob R (July 2007). "Fibromyalgia". American Family Physician 76 (2): 247–254. PMID 17695569. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20070715/247.html. Retrieved on 2008-01-06. 

·  ^ Fibromyalgia at eMedicine

·  ^ Health Information Team (February 2004). "Fibromyalgia". BUPA insurance. http://hcd2.bupa.co.uk/fact_sheets/mosby_factsheets/fibromyalgia.html. 

·  ^ "Fibro-". Dictionary.com. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/fibro-. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ Meaning of myo

·  ^ Meaning of algos

·  ^ a b Winfield JB (June 2007). "Fibromyalgia and related central sensitivity syndromes: twenty-five years of progress". Semin. Arthritis Rheum. 36 (6): 335–8. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2006.12.001. PMID 17303220. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0049-0172(06)00180-6. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ a b "Further Legitimization Of Fibromyalgia As A True Medical Condition". Science Daily. 2007-06-25. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/06/070625095756.htm. Retrieved on 2008-05-21. 

·  ^ a b Inanici F, YunusMB (October 2004). "History of fibromyalgia: past to present". Curr Pain Headache Rep 8 (5): 369–78. doi:10.1007/s11916-996-0010-6. PMID 15361321. 

·  ^ Goldenberg DL (May 1987). "Fibromyalgia syndrome. An emerging but controversial condition". JAMA 257 (20): 2782–7. doi:10.1001/jama.257.20.2782. PMID 3553636. 

·  ^ http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/14/health/14pain.html

·  ^ White KP et al (June 2002). "Does the label "fibromyalgia" alter health status, function, and health service utilization? A prospective, within-group comparison in a community cohort of adults with chronic widespread pain.". Arthritis Rheum. 47 (3): 260–5. PMID 12115155. 

·  ^ a b Müller W, Schneider EM, Stratz T (September 2007). "The classification of fibromyalgia syndrome". Rheumatol Int. 27 (11): 1005–10. doi:10.1007/s00296-007-0403-9. PMID 17653720. http://www.springerlink.com/content/1271314042w8405g/. 

·  ^ Thieme K, Turk DC (2006). "Heterogeneity of psychophysiological stress responses in fibromyalgia syndrome patients". Arthritis Res. Ther. 8 (1): R9. doi:10.1186/ar1863. PMID 16356200. 

·  ^ Kanaan RA, Lepine JP, WesselySC (December 2007). "The association or otherwise of the functional somatic syndromes". Psychosom Med 69 (9): 855–9. doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e31815b001a. PMID 18040094.
^ "Questions and Answers about Shoulder Problems". http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Shoulder_Problems/default.asp. Retrieved on 2008-01-28. 
^ "Your Orthopaedic Connection: Frozen Shoulder". http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00071. Retrieved on 2008-01-28. 
^ http://www.thebowentechnique.com/content/frozen.htm
^ "Knight, R., Osteopathic Treatment of Frozen Shoulder, May, 2008". http://www.osteopath-help.co.uk/osteopaths/cranial-osteopathy/downloads/osteopathic_treatment_of_frozen_shoulder.pdf. Retrieved on 2008-06-10. 
This article contains text from the public domain document "Frozen Shoulder" , American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, available from URL http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/fact/thr_report.cfm?Thread_ID=162&topcategory=Shoulder.

^ Gorsche R, Wiley JP, Renger R, Brant R, Gemer TY, Sasyniuk TM. Prevalence and incidence of stenosing flexor tenosynovitis (trigger finger) in a meat-packing plant. J Occup Environ Med. 1998 Jun;40(6):556-60.
^ 1: Kasdan ML, Leis VM, Lewis K, Kasdan AS. Trigger finger: not always work related. J Ky Med Assoc. 1996 Nov;94(11):498-9. PMID: 8973080
^ Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American). 2007;89:2604-2611.
^ Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American). 2007;89:2604-2611.
^ synd/2640 at Who Named It?
^ A. Tietze. Über eine eigenartige Häufung von Fällen mit Dystrophie der Rippenknorpel. Berliner klinische Wochenschrift, 1921, 58: 829-831.
^ "Costochondritis" (HealthAtoZ)
^ Ilyas A, Ast M, Schaffer AA, Thoder J (2007). "De quervain tenosynovitis of the wrist". J Am Acad Orthop Surg 15 (12): 757–64. PMID 18063716. http://www.jaaos.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=18063716. 
^ Ahuja NK, Chung KC (2004). "Fritz de Quervain, MD (1868-1940): stenosing tendovaginitis at the radial styloid process". J Hand Surg [Am] 29 (6): 1164–70. doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2004.05.019. PMID 15576233. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0363-5023(04)00381-8. 
^ Clarke MT, Lyall HA, Grant JW, Matthewson MH (December 1998). "The histopathology of de Quervain's disease". J Hand Surg [Br] 23 (6): 732–4. PMID 9888670. 
^ Read HS, Hooper G, Davie R (February 2000). "Histological appearances in post-partum de Quervain's disease". J Hand Surg [Br] 25 (1): 70–2. doi:10.1054/jhsb.1999.0308. PMID 10763729. 
^ "Weiss Orthopaedics - Common Injuries - Wrist/Hand - de Quervain Stenosing Tenosynovitis". http://www.weissortho.com/commoninjuries/wristhand/dequervains.html. 
^ "OSH Answers: De Quervain's Disease". http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/diseases/dequervain.html. 
^ Christie BG. Local hydrocortisone in de Quervain's disease. Br Med J 1955 Jun 25;1(4929):1501-3.
^ Christie BG. Local hydrocortisone in de Quervain's disease. Br Med J 1955 Jun 25;1(4929):1501-3.
^ Piver JD, Raney RB. De Quervain's tendovaginitis. Am J Surg 1952 Mar;83(5):691-4.
^ Lamphier TA, Long NG, Dennehy T. De Quervain's disease: an analysis of 52 cases. Ann Surg 1953 Dec;138(6):832-41.
^ McKenzie JM. Conservative treatment of de Quervain's disease. Br Med J 1972 Dec 16;4(5841):659-60.
^ Corticosteroid injection for treatment of de Quervain's tenosynovitis: a pooled quantitative literature evaluation. J Am Board Fam Pract 2003 Mar-Apr;16(2):102-6.
^ Witt J, Pess G, Gelberman RH. Treatment of de Quervain tenosynovitis. A prospective study of the results of injection of steroids and immobilization in a splint. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1991 Feb;73(2):219-22.
^ Weiss AP, Akelman E, Tabatabai M. Treatment of de Quervain's disease. J Hand Surg [Am] 1994 Jul;19(4):595-8.
^ Lane LB, Boretz RS, Stuchin SA. Treatment of de Quervain's disease:role of conservative management. J Hand Surg [Br] 2001 Jun;26(3):258-60.
^ Weiss AP, Akelman E, Tabatabai M. Treatment of de Quervain's disease. J Hand Surg [Am] 1994 Jul;19(4):595-8.
·  ^ Osgood R.B. (1903). "Lesions of the tibia tubercle occurring during adolescence". Boston Medical and Surgical Journal 148: 114–7. 

·  ^ Schlatter C. (1903). "Verletzungen des schnabelförmigen Forsatzes der oberen Tibiaepiphyse". [Bruns] Beiträge zur klinischen Chirurgie 38: 874–87. 

·  ^ Nowinski RJ, Mehlman CT (1998). "Hyphenated history: Osgood-Schlatter disease". Am J. Orthop. 27 (8): 584–5. PMID 9732084. 

·  ^ Yashar A, Loder RT, Hensinger RN (1995). "Determination of skeletal age in children with Osgood-Schlatter disease by using radiographs of the knee". J Pediatr Orthop 15 (3): 298–301. PMID 7790482. 

·  ^ a b Kujala UM, Kvist M, Heinonen O (1985). "Osgood-Schlatter's disease in adolescent athletes. Retrospective study of incidence and duration". Am J Sports Med 13 (4): 236–41. doi:10.1177/036354658501300404. PMID 4025675. 

·  ^ a b Gholve PA, Scher DM, Khakharia S, Widmann RF, Green DW (2007). "Osgood Schlatter syndrome". Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 19 (1): 44–50. doi:10.1097/MOP.0b013e328013dbea. PMID 17224661. 

·  ^ Cassas KJ, Cassettari-Wayhs A (2006). "Childhood and adolescent sports-related overuse injuries". Am Fam Physician 73 (6): 1014–22. PMID 16570735. 

·  ^ Engel A, Windhager R (1987). "[Importance of the ossicle and therapy of Osgood-Schlatter disease]" (in German). Sportverletz Sportschaden 1 (2): 100–8. doi:10.1055/s-2007-993701. PMID 3508010.
·  ^ Morton's Neuroma: Interdigital Perineural Fibrosis - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics

·  ^ Bencardino J, Rosenberg ZS, Beltran J, Liu X, Marty-Delfaut E (September 2000). "Morton's neuroma: is it always symptomatic?". AJR Am J Roentgenol 175 (3): 649–53. PMID 10954445. http://www.ajronline.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10954445.
·  ^ a b c Majithia V, Geraci SA (2007). "Rheumatoid arthritis: diagnosis and management". Am. J. Med. 120 (11): 936–9. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.04.005. PMID 17976416. 

·  ^ a b Landré-Beauvais AJ (1800). La goutte asthénique primitive (doctoral thesis). Paris.  reproduced in Landré-Beauvais AJ (March 2001). "The first description of rheumatoid arthritis. Unabridged text of the doctoral dissertation presented in 1800". Joint Bone Spine 68 (2): 130–43. doi:10.1016/S1297-319X(00)00247-5. PMID 11324929. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1297319X00002475. 

·  ^ Turesson C, O'Fallon WM, Crowson CS, Gabriel SE, Matteson EL (2003). "Extra-articular disease manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis: incidence trends and risk factors over 46 years". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 62 (8): 722–7. doi:10.1136/ard.62.8.722. PMID 12860726. 

·  ^ Jijith Krishnan,Document on Rhuematoid arthritis

·  ^ de Groot K (August 2007). "[Renal manifestations in rheumatic diseases]". Internist (Berl) 48 (8): 779–85. doi:10.1007/s00108-007-1887-9. PMID 17571244. 

·  ^ Wolfe F, Mitchell DM, Sibley JT, et al (April 1994). "The mortality of rheumatoid arthritis". Arthritis Rheum. 37 (4): 481–94. doi:10.1002/art.1780370408. PMID 8147925. 

·  ^ Westwood OM, Nelson PN, Hay FC (April 2006). "Rheumatoid factors: what's new?". Rheumatology (Oxford) 45 (4): 379–85. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kei228. PMID 16418203. http://rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/45/4/379. 

·  ^ a b Nishimura K, Sugiyama D, Kogata Y, et al (June 2007). "Meta-analysis: diagnostic accuracy of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody and rheumatoid factor for rheumatoid arthritis" (PDF). Ann. Intern. Med. 146 (11): 797–808. PMID 17548411. http://www.annals.org/cgi/reprint/146/11/797. 

·  ^ Arnett F, Edworthy S, Bloch D, McShane D, Fries J, Cooper N, Healey L, Kaplan S, Liang M, Luthra H (1988). "The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis.". Arthritis Rheum 31 (3): 315–24. doi:10.1002/art.1780310302. PMID 3358796. http://www.rheumatology.org/publications/classification/ra/ra.asp?aud=mem. 

·  ^ a b Berkow R, ed (1992). The Merck Manual (16th ed.). Merck Publishing Group. pp. 1307–08. ISBN 0-91191-016-6. 

·  ^ "SUNY Stony Brook Pathology Department HBP310 Immunology". http://www.path.sunysb.edu/coursemat/hbp310immun.htm. Retrieved on 2008-09-20. 

·  ^ "Hypersensitivity reactions". http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/ghaffar/hyper00.htm. Retrieved on 2008-09-20. 

·  ^ "Lecture 14: Hypersensitivity". http://www-immuno.path.cam.ac.uk/~immuno/part1/lec13/lec13_97.html. Retrieved on 2008-09-20. 

·  ^ Edwards JC, Cambridge G, Abrahams VM (June 1999). "Do self-perpetuating B lymphocytes drive human autoimmune disease?". Immunology 97 (2): 188–96. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.1999.00772.x. PMID 10447731. 

·  ^ Alvarez-Lafuente R, Fernández-Gutiérrez B, de Miguel S, et al (September 2005). "Potential relationship between herpes viruses and rheumatoid arthritis: analysis with quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 64 (9): 1357–9. doi:10.1136/ard.2004.033514. PMID 16100341. http://ard.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/64/9/1357. 

·  ^ Ferrell PB, Aitcheson CT, Pearson GR, Tan EM (March 1981). "Seroepidemiological study of relationships between Epstein-Barr virus and rheumatoid arthritis". J. Clin. Invest. 67 (3): 681–7. doi:10.1172/JCI110083. PMID 6259207. 

·  ^ Catalano MA, Carson DA, Slovin SF, Richman DD, Vaughan JH (November 1979). "Antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus-determined antigens in normal subjects and in patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 76 (11): 5825–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.76.11.5825. PMID 230491. 

·  ^ Balandraud N, Roudier J, Roudier C (July 2004). "Epstein-Barr virus and rheumatoid arthritis". Autoimmun Rev 3 (5): 362–7. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2004.02.002. PMID 15288002. 

·  ^ Plenge RM, Seielstad M, Padyukov L, et al (September 2007). "TRAF1-C5 as a risk locus for rheumatoid arthritis--a genomewide study". N. Engl. J. Med. 357 (12): 1199–209. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa073491. PMID 17804836. 

·  ^ Padyukov L, Silva C, Stolt P, Alfredsson L, Klareskog L (October 2004). "A gene-environment interaction between smoking and shared epitope genes in HLA-DR provides a high risk of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis". Arthritis Rheum. 50 (10): 3085–92. doi:10.1002/art.20553. PMID 15476204. 

·  ^ Boland EW, HeadleyNE (June 1951). "Results of long-continued cortisone administration in rheumatoid arthritis". Calif Med 74 (6): 416–423. 

·  ^ O'Dell J (2004). "Therapeutic strategies for rheumatoid arthritis.". N Engl J Med 350 (25): 2591–602. doi:10.1056/NEJMra040226. PMID 15201416. 

·  ^ Hasler P (June 2006). "Biological therapies directed against cells in autoimmune disease.". Springer Semin Immunopathol 27 (4): 443–56. doi:10.1007/s00281-006-0013-8. PMID 16738955. 

·  ^ Vital E, Emery P (Sep 15 2005). "Advances in the treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis.". Am Fam Physician 72 (6): 1002, 1004. PMID 16190499. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20050915/editorials.html. 

·  ^ Edwards J, Szczepanski L, Szechinski J, Filipowicz-Sosnowska A, Emery P, Close D, Stevens R, Shaw T (2004). "Efficacy of B-cell-targeted therapy with rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.". N Engl J Med 350 (25): 2572–81. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa032534. PMID 15201414. 

·  ^ Fresenius HemoCare, Inc., "New Hope for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients," press release, September 17, 1999.

·  ^ Hart FD (March 1976). "History of the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis". Br Med J 1 (6012): 763–5. PMID 177148. 

·  ^ Franke A, Reiner L, Pratzel HG, Franke T, Resch KL (August 2000). "Long-term efficacy of radon spa therapy in rheumatoid arthritis--a randomized, sham-controlled study and follow-up". Rheumatology (Oxford) 39 (8): 894–902. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/39.8.894. PMID 10952746. http://rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/39/8/894. 

·  ^ S. Wright, M. Ware and G. Guy (2006). "The use of a cannabis-based medicine (Sativex) in the treatment of pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis (LTE)". Rheumatology (Oxford) 45: 781. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kel114. PMID 16621924. http://rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/45/6/781. 

·  ^ Lee1 MS, Shin B-C, Ernst E (2008). "Acupuncture for rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review". Rheumatology 47: 1747–53. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/ken330. PMID 18710899. 

·  ^ Excess mortality in rheumatoid arthritis

·  ^ The second largest contributor of mortality is cerebrovascular disease. Increased risk of heart disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients

·  ^ Cardiac disease in rheumatoid arthritis

·  ^ Alamanos Y, Voulgari PV, Drosos AA (2006). "Incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis, based on the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria: a systematic review". Semin. Arthritis Rheum. 36 (3): 182–8. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2006.08.006. PMID 17045630. 

·  ^ http://mcclungmuseum.utk.edu/research/renotes/rn-05txt.htm Tennessee Origins of Rheumatoid Arthritis

·  ^ http://www.arc.org.uk/newsviews/arctdy/104/bones.htm Bones of Contention

·  ^ Rothschild BM, Rothschild C, Helbling M (2003). "Unified theory of the origins of erosive arthritis: conditioning as a protective/directing mechanism?". J. Rheumatol. 30 (10): 2095–102. PMID 14528501. 

·  ^ Scientist finds surprising links between arthritis and tuberculosis

·  ^ Appelboom T, de Boelpaepe C, Ehrlich GE, Famaey JP (1981). "Rubens and the question of antiquity of rheumatoid arthritis". JAMA 245 (5): 483–6. doi:10.1001/jama.245.5.483. PMID 7005475. 

·  ^ http://japan.medscape.com/viewarticle/538251 Did RA travel from New World to Old? The Rubens connection

·  ^ Dequeker J., Rico H. (1992). "Rheumatoid arthritis-like deformities in an early 16th-century painting of the Flemish-Dutch school". JAMA 268: 249–251. doi:10.1001/jama.268.2.249. PMID 1608144. 

·  ^ GarrodAB (1859). The Nature and Treatment of Gout and Rheumatic Gout. London: Walton and Maberly. 

·  ^ "The Insider: Amgen recruits high-flier to help Enbrel sales take off". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. 2007-11-07. http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/business/113804_theinsider24.shtml. Retrieved on 2003-03-24. 

·  ^ ""Sopranos" Star Aida Turturro Brings Rheumatoid Arthritis Awareness Campaign to Philadelphia". http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_pwwi/is_200308/ai_mark654573218. Retrieved on 2007-12-18.
·  ^ "Vasculitis - Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary". http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Vasculitis. Retrieved on 2009-01-08. 

·  ^ "Glossary of dermatopathological terms. DermNet NZ". http://dermnetnz.org/pathology/pathology-glossary.html. Retrieved on 2009-01-08. 

·  ^ Vasculitis at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

·  ^ Jennette JC, Falk RJ, Andrassy K, et al (1994). "Nomenclature of systemic vasculitides. Proposal of an international consensus conference". Arthritis Rheum. 37 (2): 187–92. doi:10.1002/art.1780370206. PMID 8129773.
^ William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR [1]
^ William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR [2]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_skeletal_disorders