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·  ^ Sea Salt as a laxative

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·  ^ FDA Announces Discontinued Marketing of GI Drug, Zelnorm, for Safety Reasons

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·  Tholon,T,Thofern,E,Miederer,SE,(1976):Disinfection procedures of fibrescopes in endoscopy departments. Endoscopy 8(1) 24-29

·  Siegler AM, Kemmann E (1975). "Hysteroscopy". Obstet Gynecol Surv 30 (9): 567–88. doi:10.1097/00006254-197509000-00001. PMID 1099495. 

·  Armin Gärtner; medical technics and information technologie, Band II. Medizintechnik und Informationstechnologie, Band II. ISBN 3-8249-0941-3.

·  Obituary: Professor Harold Hopkins, FRS, The Times, 3 Nov 1994.

·  Sivak MV (2004). "Polypectomy: looking back". Gastrointest. Endosc. 60 (6): 977–82. doi:10.1016/S0016-5107(04)02380-6. PMID 15605015. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016510704023806.

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·  ^ a b c d[broken citation]

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Neoprazol 20mg,40mg, from Neopharma United Arab Emirates

·  Tholon,T,Thofern,E,Miederer,SE,(1976):Disinfection procedures of fibrescopes in endoscopy departments. Endoscopy 8(1) 24-29

·  Siegler AM, Kemmann E (1975). "Hysteroscopy". Obstet Gynecol Surv 30 (9): 567–88. doi:10.1097/00006254-197509000-00001. PMID 1099495. 

·  Armin Gärtner; medical technics and information technologie, Band II. Medizintechnik und Informationstechnologie, Band II. ISBN 3-8249-0941-3.

·  Obituary: Professor Harold Hopkins, FRS, The Times, 3 Nov 1994.

·  Sivak MV (2004). "Polypectomy: looking back". Gastrointest. Endosc. 60 (6): 977–82. doi:10.1016/S0016-5107(04)02380-6. PMID 15605015. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016510704023806.

^ National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (November 2004). "Upper Endoscopy". National Institutes of Health. http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/upperendoscopy/index.htm. Retrieved on 2007-10-07. 
^ Kawai, K.; Niwa, H.; Fujita, R.; Shimizu, S. (2002). "The History of Endoscopy: the Japanese Perspective". in Classen, Meinhard; Tytgat, G. N. J.; Lightdale, Charles J.. Gastroenterological endoscopy. Thieme. p. 33. ISBN 1588900134. http://books.google.com/books?id=sp0istaUg1AC&pg=PA33. 
Bittner JG, et al. Resident training in flexible gastrointestinal endoscopy: a review of current issues and options. J Surg Educ. 2007 Nov-Dec;64(6):399-409. PMID: 18063277

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[1] Stomach ache or abdominal pain can be misdiagnosed.Consult a Gastroenterologist rather than ER doctor if Pain persists more than a day.
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·  ^ Information regarding withdrawal of Propulsid (cisapride) by Janssen Pharmaceutica. From FDA

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·  Shammas C, Menne TF, Hilcenko C, Michell SR, Goyenechea B, Boocock GR, Durie PR, Rommens JM, Warren AJ (2005). "Structural and mutational analysis of the SBDS protein family. Insight into the leukemia-associated Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome.". J Biol Chem. 280 (19): 19221–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M414656200. PMID 15701631. 

·  Cesaro S, Oneto R, Messina C, Gibson BE, Buzyn A, Steward C, Gluckman E, Breddius R, Boogaerts M, Vermylen C, Veys P, Marsh J, Badell I, Michel G, Gungor T, Niethammer D, Bordigoni P, Oswald C, Favre C, Passweg J, Dini G (2005). "Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Shwachman-Diamond disease: a study from the European Group for blood and marrow transplantation.". Br J Haematol 31 (2): 231–6. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2005.05758.x. PMID 16197455. 

·  Donadieu J, Michel G, Merlin E, Bordigoni P, Monteux B, Beaupain B, Leverger G, Laporte JP, Hermine O, Buzyn A, Bertrand Y, Casanova JL, Leblanc T, Gluckman E, Fischer A, Stephan JL (2005). "Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Shwachman-Diamond syndrome: experience of the French neutropenia registry.". Bone Marrow Transplant 36 (9): 787–92. doi:10.1038/sj.bmt.1705141. PMID 16151425. 

·  Austin KM, Leary RJ, Shimamura A (2005). "The Shwachman-Diamond SBDS protein localizes to the nucleolus.". Blood 106 (4): 1253–8. doi:10.1182/blood-2005-02-0807. PMID 15860664. 

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·  ^ Introduction

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·  ^ Khan S, Taylor-Robinson S, Toledano M, Beck A, Elliott P, Thomas H (2002). "Changing international trends in mortality rates for liver, biliary and pancreatic tumours". J Hepatol 37 (6): 806–13. doi:10.1016/S0168-8278(02)00297-0. PMID 12445422. 

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·  ^ Multiple independent studies have documented a steady increase in the worldwide incidence of cholangiocarcinoma. Some relevant journal articles include:

Patel T (2002). "Worldwide trends in mortality from biliary tract malignancies". BMC Cancer 2: 10. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-2-10. PMID 11991810. 
Patel T (2001). "Increasing incidence and mortality of primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States". Hepatology 33 (6): 1353–7. doi:10.1053/jhep.2001.25087. PMID 11391522. 
Shaib Y, Davila J, McGlynn K, El-Serag H (2004). "Rising incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: a true increase?". J Hepatol 40 (3): 472–7. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2003.11.030. PMID 15123362. 
West J, Wood H, Logan R, Quinn M, Aithal G (2006). "Trends in the incidence of primary liver and biliary tract cancers in England and Wales 1971–2001". Br J Cancer 94 (11): 1751–8. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603127. PMID 16736026. 
Khan S, Taylor-Robinson S, Toledano M, Beck A, Elliott P, Thomas H (2002). "Changing international trends in mortality rates for liver, biliary and pancreatic tumours". J Hepatol 37 (6): 806–13. doi:10.1016/S0168-8278(02)00297-0. PMID 12445422. 
Welzel T, McGlynn K, Hsing A, O'Brien T, Pfeiffer R (2006). "Impact of classification of hilar cholangiocarcinomas (Klatskin tumors) on the incidence of intra- and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States". J Natl Cancer Inst 98 (12): 873–5. PMID 16788161. 
·  ^ a b c Shaib Y, El-Serag H, Davila J, Morgan R, McGlynn K (2005). "Risk factors of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: a case-control study". Gastroenterology 128 (3): 620–6. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2004.12.048. PMID 15765398. 

·  ^ Chapman R. "Risk factors for biliary tract carcinogenesis". Ann Oncol 10 Suppl 4: 308–11. PMID 10436847. 

·  ^ Epidemiologic studies which have addressed the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma in people with primary sclerosing cholangitis include the following:

Bergquist A, Ekbom A, Olsson R, Kornfeldt D, Lööf L, Danielsson A, Hultcrantz R, Lindgren S, Prytz H, Sandberg-Gertzén H, Almer S, Granath F, Broomé U (2002). "Hepatic and extrahepatic malignancies in primary sclerosing cholangitis". J Hepatol 36 (3): 321–7. doi:10.1016/S0168-8278(01)00288-4. PMID 11867174. 
Bergquist A, Glaumann H, Persson B, Broomé U (1998). "Risk factors and clinical presentation of hepatobiliary carcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: a case-control study". Hepatology 27 (2): 311–6. doi:10.1002/hep.510270201. PMID 9462625. 
Burak K, Angulo P, Pasha T, Egan K, Petz J, Lindor K (2004). "Incidence and risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis". Am J Gastroenterol 99 (3): 523–6. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.04067.x. PMID 15056096. 
·  ^ Watanapa P (1996). "Cholangiocarcinoma in patients with opisthorchiasis". Br J Surg 83 (8): 1062–64. doi:10.1002/bjs.1800830809. PMID 8869303. 

·  ^ Watanapa P, Watanapa W (2002). "Liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma". Br J Surg 89 (8): 962–70. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2168.2002.02143.x. PMID 12153620. 

·  ^ Shin H, Lee C, Park H, Seol S, Chung J, Choi H, Ahn Y, Shigemastu T (1996). "Hepatitis B and C virus, Clonorchis sinensis for the risk of liver cancer: a case-control study in Pusan, Korea". Int J Epidemiol 25 (5): 933–40. doi:10.1093/ije/25.5.933. PMID 8921477. 

·  ^ Kobayashi M, Ikeda K, Saitoh S, Suzuki F, Tsubota A, Suzuki Y, Arase Y, Murashima N, Chayama K, Kumada H (2000). "Incidence of primary cholangiocellular carcinoma of the liver in Japanese patients with hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis". Cancer 88 (11): 2471–7. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(20000601)88:11<2471::AID-CNCR7>3.0.CO;2-T. PMID 10861422. 

·  ^ Yamamoto S, Kubo S, Hai S, Uenishi T, Yamamoto T, Shuto T, Takemura S, Tanaka H, Yamazaki O, Hirohashi K, Tanaka T (2004). "Hepatitis C virus infection as a likely etiology of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma". Cancer Sci 95 (7): 592–5. doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.2004.tb02492.x. PMID 15245596. 

·  ^ Lu H, Ye M, Thung S, Dash S, Gerber M (2000). "Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA sequences in cholangiocarcinomas in Chinese and American patients". Chin Med J (Engl) 113 (12): 1138–41. PMID 11776153. 

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·  ^ Lee C, Wu C, Chen G (2002). "What is the impact of coexistence of hepatolithiasis on cholangiocarcinoma?". J Gastroenterol Hepatol 17 (9): 1015–20. doi:10.1046/j.1440-1746.2002.02779.x. PMID 12167124. 

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·  ^ Zhu A, Lauwers G, Tanabe K (2004). "Cholangiocarcinoma in association with Thorotrast exposure". J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 11 (6): 430–3. doi:10.1007/s00534-004-0924-5. PMID 15619021. 

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·  ^ Studies of the performance of serum markers for cholangiocarcinoma (such as carcinoembryonic antigen and CA19-9) in patients with and without primary sclerosing cholangitis include the following:

Nehls O, Gregor M, Klump B (2004). "Serum and bile markers for cholangiocarcinoma". Semin Liver Dis 24 (2): 139–54. doi:10.1055/s-2004-828891. PMID 15192787. 
Siqueira E, Schoen R, Silverman W, Martin J, Rabinovitz M, Weissfeld J, Abu-Elmaagd K, Madariaga J, Slivka A, Martini J (2002). "Detecting cholangiocarcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis". Gastrointest Endosc 56 (1): 40–7. doi:10.1067/mge.2002.125105. PMID 12085033. 
Levy C, Lymp J, Angulo P, Gores G, Larusso N, Lindor K (2005). "The value of serum CA 19-9 in predicting cholangiocarcinomas in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis". Dig Dis Sci 50 (9): 1734–40. doi:10.1007/s10620-005-2927-8. PMID 16133981. 
Patel A, Harnois D, Klee G, LaRusso N, Gores G (2000). "The utility of CA 19-9 in the diagnoses of cholangiocarcinoma in patients without primary sclerosing cholangitis". Am J Gastroenterol 95 (1): 204–7. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.01685.x. PMID 10638584. 
·  ^ Saini S (1997). "Imaging of the hepatobiliary tract". N Engl J Med 336 (26): 1889–94. doi:10.1056/NEJM199706263362607. PMID 9197218. 

·  ^ Sharma M, Ahuja V. "Aetiological spectrum of obstructive jaundice and diagnostic ability of ultrasonography: a clinician's perspective". Trop Gastroenterol 20 (4): 167–9. PMID 10769604. 

·  ^ Bloom C, Langer B, Wilson S. "Role of US in the detection, characterization, and staging of cholangiocarcinoma". Radiographics 19 (5): 1199–218. PMID 10489176. 

·  ^ Valls C, Gumà A, Puig I, Sanchez A, Andía E, Serrano T, Figueras J (2000). "Intrahepatic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma: CT evaluation". Abdom Imaging 25 (5): 490–6. doi:10.1007/s002610000079. PMID 10931983. 

·  ^ Tillich M, Mischinger H, Preisegger K, Rabl H, Szolar D (1998). "Multiphasic helical CT in diagnosis and staging of hilar cholangiocarcinoma". AJR Am J Roentgenol 171 (3): 651–8. PMID 9725291. 

·  ^ Zhang Y, Uchida M, Abe T, Nishimura H, Hayabuchi N, Nakashima Y (1999). "Intrahepatic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma: comparison of dynamic CT and dynamic MRI". J Comput Assist Tomogr 23 (5): 670–7. doi:10.1097/00004728-199909000-00004. PMID 10524843. 

·  ^ Sugiyama M, Hagi H, Atomi Y, Saito M (1997). "Diagnosis of portal venous invasion by pancreatobiliary carcinoma: value of endoscopic ultrasonography". Abdom Imaging 22 (4): 434–8. doi:10.1007/s002619900227. PMID 9157867. 

·  ^ Schwartz L, Coakley F, Sun Y, Blumgart L, Fong Y, Panicek D (1998). "Neoplastic pancreaticobiliary duct obstruction: evaluation with breath-hold MR cholangiopancreatography". AJR Am J Roentgenol 170 (6): 1491–5. PMID 9609160. 

·  ^ Zidi S, Prat F, Le Guen O, Rondeau Y, Pelletier G (2000). "Performance characteristics of magnetic resonance cholangiography in the staging of malignant hilar strictures". Gut 46 (1): 103–6. doi:10.1136/gut.46.1.103. PMID 10601064. 

·  ^ Lee M, Park K, Shin Y, Yoon H, Sung K, Kim M, Lee S, Kang E (2003). "Preoperative evaluation of hilar cholangiocarcinoma with contrast-enhanced three-dimensional fast imaging with steady-state precession magnetic resonance angiography: comparison with intraarterial digital subtraction angiography". World J Surg 27 (3): 278–83. doi:10.1007/s00268-002-6701-1. PMID 12607051. 

·  ^ Yeh T, Jan Y, Tseng J, Chiu C, Chen T, Hwang T, Chen M (2000). "Malignant perihilar biliary obstruction: magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatographic findings". Am J Gastroenterol 95 (2): 432–40. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.01763.x. PMID 10685746. 

·  ^ Freeman M, Sielaff T (2003). "A modern approach to malignant hilar biliary obstruction". Rev Gastroenterol Disord 3 (4): 187–201. PMID 14668691. 

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·  ^ Weber S, DeMatteo R, Fong Y, Blumgart L, Jarnagin W (2002). "Staging laparoscopy in patients with extrahepatic biliary carcinoma. Analysis of 100 patients". Ann Surg 235 (3): 392–9. doi:10.1097/00000658-200203000-00011. PMID 11882761. 

·  ^ Callery M, Strasberg S, Doherty G, Soper N, Norton J (1997). "Staging laparoscopy with laparoscopic ultrasonography: optimizing resectability in hepatobiliary and pancreatic malignancy". J Am Coll Surg 185 (1): 33–9. PMID 9208958. 

·  ^ Länger F, von Wasielewski R, Kreipe HH (2006). "[The importance of immunohistochemistry for the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinomas]" (in German). Pathologe 27 (4): 244–50. doi:10.1007/s00292-006-0836-z. PMID 16758167. 

·  ^ Darwin PE, Kennedy A. Cholangiocarcinoma. eMedicine.com. URL: http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic343.htm. Accessed on: May 5, 2007.

·  ^ Zervos E, Osborne D, Goldin S, Villadolid D, Thometz D, Durkin A, Carey L, Rosemurgy A (2005). "Stage does not predict survival after resection of hilar cholangiocarcinomas promoting an aggressive operative approach". Am J Surg 190 (5): 810–5. doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2005.07.025. PMID 16226963. 

·  ^ Tsao J, Nimura Y, Kamiya J, Hayakawa N, Kondo S, Nagino M, Miyachi M, Kanai M, Uesaka K, Oda K, Rossi R, Braasch J, Dugan J (2000). "Management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: comparison of an American and a Japanese experience". Ann Surg 232 (2): 166–74. doi:10.1097/00000658-200008000-00003. PMID 10903592. 

·  ^ Rajagopalan V, Daines W, Grossbard M, Kozuch P (2004). "Gallbladder and biliary tract carcinoma: A comprehensive update, Part 1". Oncology (Williston Park) 18 (7): 889–96. PMID 15255172. 

·  ^ Yamamoto M, Takasaki K, Yoshikawa T (1999). ""Lymph Node Metastasis in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma". Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 29 (3): 147–150. doi:10.1093/jjco/29.3.147. PMID 10225697. 

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·  ^ Studies of surgical outcomes in distal cholangiocarcinoma include:

Nakeeb A, Pitt H, Sohn T, Coleman J, Abrams R, Piantadosi S, Hruban R, Lillemoe K, Yeo C, Cameron J (1996). "Cholangiocarcinoma. A spectrum of intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal tumors". Ann Surg 224 (4): 463–73; discussion 473–5. doi:10.1097/00000658-199610000-00005. PMID 8857851. 
Nagorney D, Donohue J, Farnell M, Schleck C, Ilstrup D (1993). "Outcomes after curative resections of cholangiocarcinoma". Arch Surg 128 (8): 871–7; discussion 877–9. PMID 8393652. 
Jang J, Kim S, Park D, Ahn Y, Yoon Y, Choi M, Suh K, Lee K, Park Y (2005). "Actual long-term outcome of extrahepatic bile duct cancer after surgical resection". Ann Surg 241 (1): 77–84. PMID 15621994. 
Bortolasi L, Burgart L, Tsiotos G, Luque-De León E, Sarr M (2000). "Adenocarcinoma of the distal bile duct. A clinicopathologic outcome analysis after curative resection". Dig Surg 17 (1): 36–41. doi:10.1159/000018798. PMID 10720830. 
Fong Y, Blumgart L, Lin E, Fortner J, Brennan M (1996). "Outcome of treatment for distal bile duct cancer". Br J Surg 83 (12): 1712–5. doi:10.1002/bjs.1800831217. PMID 9038548. 
·  ^ Studies of outcome in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma include:

Nakeeb A, Pitt H, Sohn T, Coleman J, Abrams R, Piantadosi S, Hruban R, Lillemoe K, Yeo C, Cameron J (1996). "Cholangiocarcinoma. A spectrum of intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal tumors". Ann Surg 224 (4): 463–73; discussion 473–5. doi:10.1097/00000658-199610000-00005. PMID 8857851. 
Lieser M, Barry M, Rowland C, Ilstrup D, Nagorney D (1998). "Surgical management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a 31-year experience". J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 5 (1): 41–7. doi:10.1007/PL00009949. PMID 9683753. 
Valverde A, Bonhomme N, Farges O, Sauvanet A, Flejou J, Belghiti J (1999). "Resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a Western experience". J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 6 (2): 122–7. doi:10.1007/s005340050094. PMID 10398898. 
Nakagohri T, Asano T, Kinoshita H, Kenmochi T, Urashima T, Miura F, Ochiai T (2003). "Aggressive surgical resection for hilar-invasive and peripheral intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma". World J Surg 27 (3): 289–93. doi:10.1007/s00268-002-6696-7. PMID 12607053. 
Weber S, Jarnagin W, Klimstra D, DeMatteo R, Fong Y, Blumgart L (2001). "Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: resectability, recurrence pattern, and outcomes". J Am Coll Surg 193 (4): 384–91. doi:10.1016/S1072-7515(01)01016-X. PMID 11584966. 
·  ^ Estimates of survival after surgery for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma include:

Burke E, Jarnagin W, Hochwald S, Pisters P, Fong Y, Blumgart L (1998). "Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma: patterns of spread, the importance of hepatic resection for curative operation, and a presurgical clinical staging system". Ann Surg 228 (3): 385–94. doi:10.1097/00000658-199809000-00011. PMID 9742921. 
Tsao J, Nimura Y, Kamiya J, Hayakawa N, Kondo S, Nagino M, Miyachi M, Kanai M, Uesaka K, Oda K, Rossi R, Braasch J, Dugan J (2000). "Management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: comparison of an American and a Japanese experience". Ann Surg 232 (2): 166–74. doi:10.1097/00000658-200008000-00003. PMID 10903592. 
Chamberlain R, Blumgart L (2000). "Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a review and commentary". Ann Surg Oncol 7 (1): 55–66. doi:10.1007/s10434-000-0055-4. PMID 10674450. 
Washburn W, Lewis W, Jenkins R (1995). "Aggressive surgical resection for cholangiocarcinoma". Arch Surg 130 (3): 270–6. PMID 7534059. 
Nagino M, Nimura Y, Kamiya J, Kanai M, Uesaka K, Hayakawa N, Yamamoto H, Kondo S, Nishio H. "Segmental liver resections for hilar cholangiocarcinoma". Hepatogastroenterology 45 (19): 7–13. PMID 9496478. 
Rea D, Munoz-Juarez M, Farnell M, Donohue J, Que F, Crownhart B, Larson D, Nagorney D (2004). "Major hepatic resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: analysis of 46 patients". Arch Surg 139 (5): 514–23; discussion 523–5. doi:10.1001/archsurg.139.5.514. PMID 15136352. 
Launois B, Reding R, Lebeau G, Buard J (2000). "Surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: French experience in a collective survey of 552 extrahepatic bile duct cancers". J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 7 (2): 128–34. doi:10.1007/s005340050166. PMID 10982604. 
·  ^ Kaya M, de Groen P, Angulo P, Nagorney D, Gunderson L, Gores G, Haddock M, Lindor K (2001). "Treatment of cholangiocarcinoma complicating primary sclerosing cholangitis: the Mayo Clinic experience". Am J Gastroenterol 96 (4): 1164–9. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.03696.x. PMID 11316165. 

·  ^ Nakeeb A, Tran K, Black M, Erickson B, Ritch P, Quebbeman E, Wilson S, Demeure M, Rilling W, Dua K, Pitt H (2002). "Improved survival in resected biliary malignancies". Surgery 132 (4): 555–63; discission 563–4. doi:10.1067/msy.2002.127555. PMID 12407338. 

·  ^ Su C, Tsay S, Wu C, Shyr Y, King K, Lee C, Lui W, Liu T, P'eng F (1996). "Factors influencing postoperative morbidity, mortality, and survival after resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma". Ann Surg 223 (4): 384–94. doi:10.1097/00000658-199604000-00007. PMID 8633917. 

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·  ^ Todoroki T, Ohara K, Kawamoto T, Koike N, Yoshida S, Kashiwagi H, Otsuka M, Fukao K (2000). "Benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy after radical resection of locally advanced main hepatic duct carcinoma". Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 46 (3): 581–7. PMID 10701737. 

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·  ^ Pitt H, Nakeeb A, Abrams R, Coleman J, Piantadosi S, Yeo C, Lillemore K, Cameron J (1995). "Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. Postoperative radiotherapy does not improve survival". Ann Surg 221 (6): 788–97; discussion 797–8. doi:10.1097/00000658-199506000-00017. PMID 7794082. 

·  ^ Takada T, Amano H, Yasuda H, Nimura Y, Matsushiro T, Kato H, Nagakawa T, Nakayama T (2002). "Is postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy useful for gallbladder carcinoma? A phase III multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial in patients with resected pancreaticobiliary carcinoma". Cancer 95 (8): 1685–95. doi:10.1002/cncr.10831. PMID 12365016. 

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·  ^ Philip P, Mahoney M, Allmer C, Thomas J, Pitot H, Kim G, Donehower R, Fitch T, Picus J, Erlichman C (2006). "Phase II study of erlotinib in patients with advanced biliary cancer". J Clin Oncol 24 (19): 3069–74. doi:10.1200/JCO.2005.05.3579. PMID 16809731. 

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_pseudocyst

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